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<p>Robotic systems are increasingly used in diverse applications such as healthcare, manufacturing, and critical infrastructure to automate day-to-day tasks. In this study, the existing state-of-the-art robotic system cybersecurity mechanisms are reviewed. Consequently, key aspects of the security mechanisms are highlighted. The study involves an analysis of applications in different domains, communication protocols, architecture, threats, and attacks associated with robotic systems. The systematic review of the existing work comprises inclusion and exclusion criteria, research protocol, initial search and keywords, searching, methodology diagram, research questions, and paper selection process. After analyzing the National Vulnerabilities Database, existing studies, and online resources, the resultant vulnerability trends are presented. The research asserts that cybersecurity measures including secure design, development, access control, and authentication are essential for robotic systems. Further, different machine learning, encryption, and blockchain-based mechanisms may be used to prevent or detect cyber-attacks in robotic systems. Based on comprehensive analysis, a cybersecurity framework is proposed to address the challenges effectively. The framework can be utilized to mitigate cybersecurity risks in robotic systems.</p>

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A systematic review on cybersecurity of robotic systems: vulnerabilities trends, threats, attacks, challenges, and proposed framework

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月10日

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  • Narinder Verma,
  • Neerendra Kumar,
  • Chaman Verma,
  • Zoltán Illés,
  • Deep Singh

摘要

Robotic systems are increasingly used in diverse applications such as healthcare, manufacturing, and critical infrastructure to automate day-to-day tasks. In this study, the existing state-of-the-art robotic system cybersecurity mechanisms are reviewed. Consequently, key aspects of the security mechanisms are highlighted. The study involves an analysis of applications in different domains, communication protocols, architecture, threats, and attacks associated with robotic systems. The systematic review of the existing work comprises inclusion and exclusion criteria, research protocol, initial search and keywords, searching, methodology diagram, research questions, and paper selection process. After analyzing the National Vulnerabilities Database, existing studies, and online resources, the resultant vulnerability trends are presented. The research asserts that cybersecurity measures including secure design, development, access control, and authentication are essential for robotic systems. Further, different machine learning, encryption, and blockchain-based mechanisms may be used to prevent or detect cyber-attacks in robotic systems. Based on comprehensive analysis, a cybersecurity framework is proposed to address the challenges effectively. The framework can be utilized to mitigate cybersecurity risks in robotic systems.