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<p>This study aimed to investigate the&#xa0;habitat preferences&#xa0;of <i>Capoeta coadi</i> in Bashar River using the kernel smoothing method during the summer and autumn seasons of 2021. In this study, 16 stations were sampled with three replicates. Simultaneously, environmental factors including temperature, geographical slope, water velocity, river width, water depth, elevation, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and total dissolved solids (TDS) were recorded and measured. The habitat preference of this fish in the summer season was the river sections with high elevation, high temperature, high average water velocity, low slope and width, shallow points with low pH, average TDS values and higher EC. In autumn, the fish preferred low elevation, low temperature, low water velocity, lower slope, medium width, high depth, high pH, and high TDS. These seasonal differences in habitat preference may be driven by variations in environmental conditions, resource availability, and life history stages, such as spawning and juvenile development. The overall niche overlap was quite low (0.245), showing that <i>C. coadi</i> uses different habitats in summer and autumn. This likely happens because the fish adjusts to seasonal changes like temperature and water flow—preferring warmer, shallower spots in summer and cooler, deeper areas in autumn to stay comfortable and conserve energy.</p>

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Seasonal shift in the habitat preferences of Capoeta coadi (Cyprinidiformes: Cyprinidae) inferred from kernel smoothing method

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月30日

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  • Saeid Shahbazi Naserabad,
  • Hadi Poorbagher,
  • Soheil Eagderi,
  • Seyed Ali Akbar Hedayati

摘要

This study aimed to investigate the habitat preferences of Capoeta coadi in Bashar River using the kernel smoothing method during the summer and autumn seasons of 2021. In this study, 16 stations were sampled with three replicates. Simultaneously, environmental factors including temperature, geographical slope, water velocity, river width, water depth, elevation, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and total dissolved solids (TDS) were recorded and measured. The habitat preference of this fish in the summer season was the river sections with high elevation, high temperature, high average water velocity, low slope and width, shallow points with low pH, average TDS values and higher EC. In autumn, the fish preferred low elevation, low temperature, low water velocity, lower slope, medium width, high depth, high pH, and high TDS. These seasonal differences in habitat preference may be driven by variations in environmental conditions, resource availability, and life history stages, such as spawning and juvenile development. The overall niche overlap was quite low (0.245), showing that C. coadi uses different habitats in summer and autumn. This likely happens because the fish adjusts to seasonal changes like temperature and water flow—preferring warmer, shallower spots in summer and cooler, deeper areas in autumn to stay comfortable and conserve energy.