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<p>Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis using lake sediment cores can be used to assess populations, dynamics, and historical changes in ecosystems and environments, based on the DNA composition of micro-organisms and plants. While this method has shed light on past environments, a more detailed understanding of past ecosystems requires targeted sediment core eDNA analysis focusing on specific species. Here, we focused on the salt-tolerant aquatic plants <i>Stuckenia pectinata</i> and <i>Potamogeton pusillus</i>, which are abundant in Lake Shinji and serves as a model system for Japanese brackish lakes, conducted species-specific DNA analysis on nine sediment cores 64–379&#xa0;cm collected from water depth of 4.6–5.1&#xa0;m. Additionally, we performed CNS elemental analysis on these sediment cores to reconstruct the paleoenvironment of Lake Shinji. Our findings revealed the presence of <i>S. pectinata</i> and <i>P. pusillus</i> DNA from approximately 2000&#xa0;years ago, and a clear relationship was observed between DNA detection and historical salinity levels in the lake. <i>Stuckenia pectinata</i> tended to have a higher DNA detection frequency than that of <i>P. pusillus</i>, possibly related to the different salinity tolerance levels between the two species. Based on the relationship between the horizontal–vertical distributions of sedimentary eDNA of aquatic plants and their salinity tolerances, the paleoenvironment associated with salinity in Lake Shinji could also be reconstructed. Therefore, it is possible to elucidate the long-term dynamics of these plants associated with past environmental change as water pollution, using the time-series data on eDNA of macro-organisms, such as aquatic plants, in the sediment cores.</p>

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Reconstruction of paleo-environments by two aquatic plants: eDNA analysis in lake sediment cores

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月31日

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  • Satoshi Yamagishi,
  • Yasuhide Nakamura,
  • Koji Seto,
  • Takuto Ando,
  • Kota Katsuki,
  • Teruhiko Takahara

摘要

Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis using lake sediment cores can be used to assess populations, dynamics, and historical changes in ecosystems and environments, based on the DNA composition of micro-organisms and plants. While this method has shed light on past environments, a more detailed understanding of past ecosystems requires targeted sediment core eDNA analysis focusing on specific species. Here, we focused on the salt-tolerant aquatic plants Stuckenia pectinata and Potamogeton pusillus, which are abundant in Lake Shinji and serves as a model system for Japanese brackish lakes, conducted species-specific DNA analysis on nine sediment cores 64–379 cm collected from water depth of 4.6–5.1 m. Additionally, we performed CNS elemental analysis on these sediment cores to reconstruct the paleoenvironment of Lake Shinji. Our findings revealed the presence of S. pectinata and P. pusillus DNA from approximately 2000 years ago, and a clear relationship was observed between DNA detection and historical salinity levels in the lake. Stuckenia pectinata tended to have a higher DNA detection frequency than that of P. pusillus, possibly related to the different salinity tolerance levels between the two species. Based on the relationship between the horizontal–vertical distributions of sedimentary eDNA of aquatic plants and their salinity tolerances, the paleoenvironment associated with salinity in Lake Shinji could also be reconstructed. Therefore, it is possible to elucidate the long-term dynamics of these plants associated with past environmental change as water pollution, using the time-series data on eDNA of macro-organisms, such as aquatic plants, in the sediment cores.