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<p>Mature colonies of termites can contain up to millions of colony members. Yet, all colonies start from a single mating pair. Recent studies indicate that the pair formation process shows a large diversity among species, especially in basal lineages. Thus, comparative information is integral to estimating the ancestral state of this essential stage of the termite life cycle. The Asian dampwood termite, <i>Hodotermopsis sjostedti</i>, has been well studied as a model basal termite for caste differentiation processes. By contrast, their pair formation remains undocumented. In this study, we found that mating pairs of <i>H. sjostedti</i> show clear tandem running behavior. Both females and males played a leading role, with females showing more leader roles, and they switched their leading roles even during ongoing tandem events. We also found that dish size affected tandem movement coordination; pairs showed faster and more stable tandem running in a larger dish. We provide a tracking dataset of 17 body parts, including antennal and leg movements during tandem runs, which can be utilized in future comparative studies. This study supports the idea that tandem running existed in the early ancestors of termites and sheds light on the origin of termite mate pairing.</p>

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Observation of tandem running behavior in dealates of Asian dampwood termite, Hodotermopsis sjostedti

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月1日

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  • Nobuaki Mizumoto,
  • William Chambliss,
  • Elijah P. Carroll,
  • Tomohiro Nakazono,
  • Taisuke Kanao

摘要

Mature colonies of termites can contain up to millions of colony members. Yet, all colonies start from a single mating pair. Recent studies indicate that the pair formation process shows a large diversity among species, especially in basal lineages. Thus, comparative information is integral to estimating the ancestral state of this essential stage of the termite life cycle. The Asian dampwood termite, Hodotermopsis sjostedti, has been well studied as a model basal termite for caste differentiation processes. By contrast, their pair formation remains undocumented. In this study, we found that mating pairs of H. sjostedti show clear tandem running behavior. Both females and males played a leading role, with females showing more leader roles, and they switched their leading roles even during ongoing tandem events. We also found that dish size affected tandem movement coordination; pairs showed faster and more stable tandem running in a larger dish. We provide a tracking dataset of 17 body parts, including antennal and leg movements during tandem runs, which can be utilized in future comparative studies. This study supports the idea that tandem running existed in the early ancestors of termites and sheds light on the origin of termite mate pairing.