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<p>This study presents a system-level Material Flow Analysis (MFA) of recyclable Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) across 37 Indonesian provinces for consecutive years of 2019 to 2024. Integrating SIPSN-derived flows and spatio-temporal indicators, it benchmarks 12 waste-management systems using core metrics—Efficiency Index (Eff), Recovery Rate (Rec), Diversion Rate (DivR), and Integrated Performance Index (IKP)—and advanced indicators—Weighted Recovery Efficiency (WRE), Output Diversity Index (ODI), and Residue Intensity Index (RII). Provinces in Java consistently lead national performance: Central Java, Yogyakarta, and East Java achieve recovery rates exceeding 60%, the highest IKP (approximately 0.42–0.43), high ODI (1.47–1.90), and the lowest RII (approximately 0.62–0.65), supported by diversified outputs (compost, RDF, and recyclables). In contrast, provinces in eastern Indonesia exhibit limited diversification (ODI below 0.35) and very high residual dependence (RII 0.97–0.99), with recovery generally below 15%. Nationally, managed waste increased by approximately 12% and landfill diversion rose by approximately 15%, while leakage remained substantial (about 14–16 million tonnes annually). These results provide a quantitative baseline to prioritize regional investment and accelerate Indonesia’s circular-economy transition.</p>

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System-level material flow analysis of recyclable municipal solid waste in Indonesia: a spatio-temporal performance assessment for 37 provinces (2019–2024)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月1日

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  • Machmuddin Fitra Miftahadi,
  • Indriyani Rachman,
  • Toru Matsumoto

摘要

This study presents a system-level Material Flow Analysis (MFA) of recyclable Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) across 37 Indonesian provinces for consecutive years of 2019 to 2024. Integrating SIPSN-derived flows and spatio-temporal indicators, it benchmarks 12 waste-management systems using core metrics—Efficiency Index (Eff), Recovery Rate (Rec), Diversion Rate (DivR), and Integrated Performance Index (IKP)—and advanced indicators—Weighted Recovery Efficiency (WRE), Output Diversity Index (ODI), and Residue Intensity Index (RII). Provinces in Java consistently lead national performance: Central Java, Yogyakarta, and East Java achieve recovery rates exceeding 60%, the highest IKP (approximately 0.42–0.43), high ODI (1.47–1.90), and the lowest RII (approximately 0.62–0.65), supported by diversified outputs (compost, RDF, and recyclables). In contrast, provinces in eastern Indonesia exhibit limited diversification (ODI below 0.35) and very high residual dependence (RII 0.97–0.99), with recovery generally below 15%. Nationally, managed waste increased by approximately 12% and landfill diversion rose by approximately 15%, while leakage remained substantial (about 14–16 million tonnes annually). These results provide a quantitative baseline to prioritize regional investment and accelerate Indonesia’s circular-economy transition.