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<p>The rapid growth of waste electrical and electronic equipment, particularly discarded mobile phones, has raised significant environmental and economic concerns. Printed circuit boards (PCBs), as one of the main components of mobile phones, are rich secondary sources of valuable metals, especially gold, with concentrations several times higher than primary ores. In this study, micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) was investigated as a novel, green, and selective method for gold recovery from waste mobile phone PCBs. Different cationic and non-ionic surfactants were tested, and the non-ionic surfactant TX-100 exhibited superior performance in minimizing gold leakage and maximizing recovery efficiency. Optimization of operational parameters, including surfactant concentration, membrane pressure, and pH, resulted in a gold recovery efficiency of up to 96%. Furthermore, MEUF demonstrated high selectivity toward gold over other metals in both synthetic and real leachate samples. The findings highlight MEUF as an environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and highly efficient approach for sustainable management of e-waste and reducing dependence on conventional mining.</p>

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Selective gold recovery from waste mobile phone printed circuit boards through Micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月25日

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  • Fatemeh Sahlabadi,
  • Akbar Eslami,
  • Nadali Alavi,
  • Mohsen Sadani,
  • Marzieh Torabbeigi,
  • Mahdokht Arshadi

摘要

The rapid growth of waste electrical and electronic equipment, particularly discarded mobile phones, has raised significant environmental and economic concerns. Printed circuit boards (PCBs), as one of the main components of mobile phones, are rich secondary sources of valuable metals, especially gold, with concentrations several times higher than primary ores. In this study, micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) was investigated as a novel, green, and selective method for gold recovery from waste mobile phone PCBs. Different cationic and non-ionic surfactants were tested, and the non-ionic surfactant TX-100 exhibited superior performance in minimizing gold leakage and maximizing recovery efficiency. Optimization of operational parameters, including surfactant concentration, membrane pressure, and pH, resulted in a gold recovery efficiency of up to 96%. Furthermore, MEUF demonstrated high selectivity toward gold over other metals in both synthetic and real leachate samples. The findings highlight MEUF as an environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and highly efficient approach for sustainable management of e-waste and reducing dependence on conventional mining.