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<p>Municipal solid waste characterisation is a crucial aspect of sustainable waste management, as it provides guidance on appropriate management approaches and promotes circularity. Spatial and seasonal MSW characterisation was conducted using the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) methods, with samples from transfer stations in eight zones across monsoon, winter, and summer seasons analysed through physical sorting, proximate, and ultimate analyses. The organic (44%) and recyclables&#xa0;(33.5%) were the major constituents of MSW. Moisture content and volatile solids value peaked during the monsoon. Calorific values averaged 3417.8&#xa0;cal/g. One-way ANOVA analysis results indicated significant seasonal variations in the composition of plastic, glass, organic, and inert wastes, whereas paper, metal, and textile wastes showed significant spatial variation in the study area. A carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N) of 33:1 and a high-temperature range in the study area support biogas production. Waste-to-energy generation estimates showed that thermochemical conversion yields higher electrical power (18.79&#xa0;MW) than biochemical conversion (8.3&#xa0;MW). Landfill gas estimates revealed annual methane emissions of 38.56 Gg in the study area. The study’s approach and findings provide valuable insights that can inform policy reforms to improve waste management practices and serve as a baseline for other urban settings.</p>

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Municipal solid waste characterisation and evaluation of waste to energy potential: A case study of Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月18日

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  • Nkululeko Sabelo Dlamini,
  • Pawan Kumar Jha,
  • Atul Srivastava

摘要

Municipal solid waste characterisation is a crucial aspect of sustainable waste management, as it provides guidance on appropriate management approaches and promotes circularity. Spatial and seasonal MSW characterisation was conducted using the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) methods, with samples from transfer stations in eight zones across monsoon, winter, and summer seasons analysed through physical sorting, proximate, and ultimate analyses. The organic (44%) and recyclables (33.5%) were the major constituents of MSW. Moisture content and volatile solids value peaked during the monsoon. Calorific values averaged 3417.8 cal/g. One-way ANOVA analysis results indicated significant seasonal variations in the composition of plastic, glass, organic, and inert wastes, whereas paper, metal, and textile wastes showed significant spatial variation in the study area. A carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N) of 33:1 and a high-temperature range in the study area support biogas production. Waste-to-energy generation estimates showed that thermochemical conversion yields higher electrical power (18.79 MW) than biochemical conversion (8.3 MW). Landfill gas estimates revealed annual methane emissions of 38.56 Gg in the study area. The study’s approach and findings provide valuable insights that can inform policy reforms to improve waste management practices and serve as a baseline for other urban settings.