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<p>The high-strength composition of leachate, intensive energy consumption, and substantial external carbon demand constrain conventional biological nitrogen removal systems for treating landfill leachate. This study employed a hybrid system based on partial nitrification (PN)-anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) as the core autotrophic nitrogen removal process. For organic capture, 1.5&#xa0;g/L FeCl₃ coagulant and anaerobic treatment were used to remove approximately 48% and 70% of COD, respectively, and to provide suitable influent conditions for the PN-Anammox process. The PN process was established by controlling dissolved oxygen and in-situ accumulation of free ammonia (FA) and free nitrous acid (FNA), achieving a suitable effluent NO₂⁻-N/NH₄⁺-N ratio (1.10). The Anammox reactor removed 83% of nitrogen in Phase I (25% leachate) compared to 60% in Phase II (50% leachate). Possible suppression of the Anammox process by organic matter and heavy metals may explain this reduction, which was confirmed by measuring extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), dehydrogenase activity (DHA), and a luminescent bacterial toxicity test. After final biological oxidation, the effluent quality met Chinese discharge standards for organic concentration, while nitrogen required further removal. This study provides valuable guidance for transitioning from energy- and chemical-intensive nitrogen removal techniques to an autotrophic system for treating landfill leachate.</p>

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A hybrid treatment scheme of landfill leachate: coagulation-anaerobic organic biodegradation-autotrophic nitrogen removal process-biological oxidation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月4日

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  • Hassan Ramadan,
  • Bixiao Ji,
  • Zhaoji Zhang

摘要

The high-strength composition of leachate, intensive energy consumption, and substantial external carbon demand constrain conventional biological nitrogen removal systems for treating landfill leachate. This study employed a hybrid system based on partial nitrification (PN)-anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) as the core autotrophic nitrogen removal process. For organic capture, 1.5 g/L FeCl₃ coagulant and anaerobic treatment were used to remove approximately 48% and 70% of COD, respectively, and to provide suitable influent conditions for the PN-Anammox process. The PN process was established by controlling dissolved oxygen and in-situ accumulation of free ammonia (FA) and free nitrous acid (FNA), achieving a suitable effluent NO₂⁻-N/NH₄⁺-N ratio (1.10). The Anammox reactor removed 83% of nitrogen in Phase I (25% leachate) compared to 60% in Phase II (50% leachate). Possible suppression of the Anammox process by organic matter and heavy metals may explain this reduction, which was confirmed by measuring extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), dehydrogenase activity (DHA), and a luminescent bacterial toxicity test. After final biological oxidation, the effluent quality met Chinese discharge standards for organic concentration, while nitrogen required further removal. This study provides valuable guidance for transitioning from energy- and chemical-intensive nitrogen removal techniques to an autotrophic system for treating landfill leachate.