Scholarlink

<p>Direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) has emerged as a promising mechanism to enhance the efficiency of anaerobic digestion, particularly in systems challenged by high organic loading, ammonia toxicity, or volatile fatty acid (VFA) accumulation. This review synthesizes recent advances in the use of conductive materials to stimulate DIET, focusing on the comparative roles of metal- and carbon-based materials. Metal-based materials, including zero-valent iron, magnetite, and nickel, facilitate redox-mediated degradation and act as both conductive agents and micronutrients. Carbon-based materials, such as biochar and granular activated carbon, enhance stability by buffering pH and alleviating ammonia and VFA accumulation. Modified or composite materials, especially those at the nanoscale, often yield synergistic effects that strengthen electron transfer and improve methane production. Comparative evidence indicates that carbon-based materials generally increase methane yields by 30–50%, while metal-based materials can achieve improvements approaching 70%. Composites perform best, with methane yield gains of up to 65% and biogas productivity increases exceeding 60%. Key factors affecting DIET efficiency—including particle size, dosage, operating conditions, and substrate type—are also addressed. Finally, this review highlights future directions for optimizing material properties, improving reuse strategies, controlling metal toxicity, and validating scalability through pilot- and full-scale demonstrations.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Anaerobic digestion via direct interspecies electron transfer: a comparative review of electron transfer mechanisms and conductive materials

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月2日

查看全文
  • Holim Song,
  • Xin Zhao,
  • Hanxiang Chen,
  • Jongkeun Lee

摘要

Direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) has emerged as a promising mechanism to enhance the efficiency of anaerobic digestion, particularly in systems challenged by high organic loading, ammonia toxicity, or volatile fatty acid (VFA) accumulation. This review synthesizes recent advances in the use of conductive materials to stimulate DIET, focusing on the comparative roles of metal- and carbon-based materials. Metal-based materials, including zero-valent iron, magnetite, and nickel, facilitate redox-mediated degradation and act as both conductive agents and micronutrients. Carbon-based materials, such as biochar and granular activated carbon, enhance stability by buffering pH and alleviating ammonia and VFA accumulation. Modified or composite materials, especially those at the nanoscale, often yield synergistic effects that strengthen electron transfer and improve methane production. Comparative evidence indicates that carbon-based materials generally increase methane yields by 30–50%, while metal-based materials can achieve improvements approaching 70%. Composites perform best, with methane yield gains of up to 65% and biogas productivity increases exceeding 60%. Key factors affecting DIET efficiency—including particle size, dosage, operating conditions, and substrate type—are also addressed. Finally, this review highlights future directions for optimizing material properties, improving reuse strategies, controlling metal toxicity, and validating scalability through pilot- and full-scale demonstrations.

Graphical abstract