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<p>This study introduces novel hybrid biocomposites by integrating natural fibers (hemp and abaca) with oil cake filler derived from agricultural waste, addressing the dual goals of sustainability and developing multifunctional composites with enhanced performance characteristics relative to conventional biobased materials. The biocomposites were fabricated by varying fiber content (10%, 15%, and 20% by weight) and oil cake filler proportions (2%, 4%, and 6% by weight). Mechanical properties, wear resistance, and moisture absorption behaviors were systematically evaluated. A composition of 10% fiber and 4% filler exhibited superior tensile strength (39.69&#xa0;MPa), bending strength (59.21&#xa0;MPa), and impact resistance (93.65&#xa0;J/m). The novelty lies in the strategic integration of nano-sized oil cake filler with dual natural fibers (hemp and abaca) in an epoxy matrix, resulting in enhanced crystallinity, interfacial bonding, and combined improvements in mechanical, tribological, and moisture-resistant performance—distinguishing this system from previous single-fiber oil cake-based composites. This novel combination of natural fibers with nano-sized oil cake filler introduces a multi-functional reinforcement strategy. Unlike prior hemp or abaca-based systems, the filler enhances interfacial bonding and crystallinity while reducing hydrophilic behavior, offering a unique performance synergy in a fully biodegradable composite. This work demonstrates the potential of these biocomposites as eco-friendly alternatives for automotive, construction, and packaging industries, advancing the valorization of renewable resources and agricultural residues.</p>

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Sustainable hybrid biocomposites using agricultural waste fillers and natural fibers for material recycling

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月2日

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  • D. Vinodh,
  • Natrayan Lakshmaiya,
  • Talapa Reddy Suman Kumar,
  • S. Kaliappan,
  • V. Balaji,
  • Nimel Sworna Ross,
  • Ramya Maranan

摘要

This study introduces novel hybrid biocomposites by integrating natural fibers (hemp and abaca) with oil cake filler derived from agricultural waste, addressing the dual goals of sustainability and developing multifunctional composites with enhanced performance characteristics relative to conventional biobased materials. The biocomposites were fabricated by varying fiber content (10%, 15%, and 20% by weight) and oil cake filler proportions (2%, 4%, and 6% by weight). Mechanical properties, wear resistance, and moisture absorption behaviors were systematically evaluated. A composition of 10% fiber and 4% filler exhibited superior tensile strength (39.69 MPa), bending strength (59.21 MPa), and impact resistance (93.65 J/m). The novelty lies in the strategic integration of nano-sized oil cake filler with dual natural fibers (hemp and abaca) in an epoxy matrix, resulting in enhanced crystallinity, interfacial bonding, and combined improvements in mechanical, tribological, and moisture-resistant performance—distinguishing this system from previous single-fiber oil cake-based composites. This novel combination of natural fibers with nano-sized oil cake filler introduces a multi-functional reinforcement strategy. Unlike prior hemp or abaca-based systems, the filler enhances interfacial bonding and crystallinity while reducing hydrophilic behavior, offering a unique performance synergy in a fully biodegradable composite. This work demonstrates the potential of these biocomposites as eco-friendly alternatives for automotive, construction, and packaging industries, advancing the valorization of renewable resources and agricultural residues.