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<p>This manuscript reports an assessment of a cement-based solidification/stabilization approach to immobilize toxic heavy metals contained in sewage sludge from the nickel plating/electroplating industry and mitigate its environmental impact via a safe final disposal as a building material. Different preparation conditions of the cement/sewage sludge materials were evaluated to identify their impact on compressive strength and setting times. The results indicated that the increment in the amount of sewage sludge utilized to obtain cement-based specimens affected their setting times and, particularly, reduced the compressive strengths. The samples obtained with sewage sludge/cement ratios ≤ 0.1 exhibited prolonged setting times and better compressive strength. Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction were utilized for the physicochemical characterization of cement/sewage sludge specimens. The presence of mullite and hydrated calcium silicate was confirmed in tested specimens, which appear to play a relevant role for developing the material strength. Leaching tests using cement/sewage sludge specimens confirmed that the release of toxic heavy metals from polluted sewage sludge was minimized significantly for zinc and nickel. These results demonstrated the efficacy of the incorporation of sewage sludge in cement pastes for heavy metal immobilization, which can be a reliable and environmentally friendly strategy to dispose of sewage sludge polluted by toxic species.</p>

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Assessment of solidification/stabilization of sewage sludge containing toxic heavy metals via cement-based materials: preparation conditions, mechanical properties and leaching studies

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月2日

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  • M. López-Guerrero,
  • M. R. Moreno-Virgen,
  • A. Bonilla-Petriciolet,
  • D. I. Mendoza-Castillo,
  • H. E. Reynel-Ávila

摘要

This manuscript reports an assessment of a cement-based solidification/stabilization approach to immobilize toxic heavy metals contained in sewage sludge from the nickel plating/electroplating industry and mitigate its environmental impact via a safe final disposal as a building material. Different preparation conditions of the cement/sewage sludge materials were evaluated to identify their impact on compressive strength and setting times. The results indicated that the increment in the amount of sewage sludge utilized to obtain cement-based specimens affected their setting times and, particularly, reduced the compressive strengths. The samples obtained with sewage sludge/cement ratios ≤ 0.1 exhibited prolonged setting times and better compressive strength. Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction were utilized for the physicochemical characterization of cement/sewage sludge specimens. The presence of mullite and hydrated calcium silicate was confirmed in tested specimens, which appear to play a relevant role for developing the material strength. Leaching tests using cement/sewage sludge specimens confirmed that the release of toxic heavy metals from polluted sewage sludge was minimized significantly for zinc and nickel. These results demonstrated the efficacy of the incorporation of sewage sludge in cement pastes for heavy metal immobilization, which can be a reliable and environmentally friendly strategy to dispose of sewage sludge polluted by toxic species.