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<p>Portland cement (PC) is extensively employed in the construction industry, but carries large environmental and energy expenses via the release of greenhouse gases. Geopolymer concrete GPOC), a product manufactured using sustainable materials such as fly ash (FLY), ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), and recycled coarse aggregate (RCA), offers a more environmentally friendly option. A cradle-to-site life cycle assessment (LCA) of 27 GPOC mixes found that increased GGBFS content and NaOH molarity significantly minimize embodied energy and global warming potential (GWP) while maximizing sustainability. Further addition of RCA content decreases energy consumption, but increases cost through processing. The best mix—50% GGBFS, 8M NaOH, and regular coarse aggregate—obtained a well-balanced environmental and economic performance with a desirability score of 0.25. These results affirm the position of GPOC in sustainable building, providing industry players with significant information for green and affordable building options.</p>

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Sustainability and economic evaluation of recycled aggregate geopolymer concrete using fly ash and slag

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月23日

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  • Mahavir Singh Rawat,
  • Smita Kaloni,
  • Rupesh Kumar Tipu,
  • Prabhakar Bhandari

摘要

Portland cement (PC) is extensively employed in the construction industry, but carries large environmental and energy expenses via the release of greenhouse gases. Geopolymer concrete GPOC), a product manufactured using sustainable materials such as fly ash (FLY), ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), and recycled coarse aggregate (RCA), offers a more environmentally friendly option. A cradle-to-site life cycle assessment (LCA) of 27 GPOC mixes found that increased GGBFS content and NaOH molarity significantly minimize embodied energy and global warming potential (GWP) while maximizing sustainability. Further addition of RCA content decreases energy consumption, but increases cost through processing. The best mix—50% GGBFS, 8M NaOH, and regular coarse aggregate—obtained a well-balanced environmental and economic performance with a desirability score of 0.25. These results affirm the position of GPOC in sustainable building, providing industry players with significant information for green and affordable building options.