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<p>The expansion of Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) has increased agricultural waste, notably coconut coir from hydroponic systems. This study investigates hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) as a treatment for waste coir substrate at 180&#xa0;°C to 300&#xa0;°C to improve its fuel properties. HTC processing significantly raises the carbon content, fixed carbon, and calorific value of the resulting hydrochar while reducing volatile matter and contaminants such as potassium, sulfur, and chlorine. Combustion analysis shows enhanced fuel ratios, Volatile ignitability (19.90&#xa0;MJ/kg), and combustibility indices (23.20&#xa0;MJ/kg), indicating the potential of HTC-treated coir as a viable energy resource. This study shows that converting CEA byproducts into energy can help achieve South Korea’s 2050 carbon neutrality goals and address environmental and waste management challenges.</p>

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Chemical upgrading of hydrochar from waste coir substrate from controlled environment agriculture using hydrothermal carbonization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月29日

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  • Sunyoung Woo,
  • Jin Won Choi,
  • Doo Young Oh,
  • Kwanyong Lee,
  • Ki Young Park,
  • Daegi Kim

摘要

The expansion of Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) has increased agricultural waste, notably coconut coir from hydroponic systems. This study investigates hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) as a treatment for waste coir substrate at 180 °C to 300 °C to improve its fuel properties. HTC processing significantly raises the carbon content, fixed carbon, and calorific value of the resulting hydrochar while reducing volatile matter and contaminants such as potassium, sulfur, and chlorine. Combustion analysis shows enhanced fuel ratios, Volatile ignitability (19.90 MJ/kg), and combustibility indices (23.20 MJ/kg), indicating the potential of HTC-treated coir as a viable energy resource. This study shows that converting CEA byproducts into energy can help achieve South Korea’s 2050 carbon neutrality goals and address environmental and waste management challenges.