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<p>Vietnam faces pollution control problems associated with landfills, along with increasing difficulties in the acquisition of land for waste disposal. This study aimed to characterize landfills in a built database and prioritize measures based on land use-focused assessment, thereby facilitating strategies to enhance landfill management. Of the 4421 landfills nationwide, only 443 were sanitary (10%) and a majority (98.6%) were small, with &lt; 1-ha landfills accounting for 86.6% of the total. The area for sanitary landfilling accounted for 39% of the total area. Landfills are generally poorly located, designed, and operated, and encounter increasing risks owing to climate change. Land use-focused assessment revealed that 90% of provinces did not meet the regulated limit of the calculated land use rate, implying improper utilization of land for waste landfilling. Benchmarking was employed to prioritize the proposed measures, revealing the highest prioritization for the combined measure of dumpsite cleanup and Waste-to-Energy (WtE) incineration. The adoption of prioritized measures could help narrow 39.4% (1524&#xa0;ha) of the dumping area that must be reduced by the target years. These findings provide efficient measures to address landfill-associated challenges, support the adopted strategies with better resource allocation, and benefit other developing countries with referable evidence and waste databases.</p>

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Characteristics of solid waste landfills in Vietnam and selection of prioritized measures based on land use-focused assessment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月17日

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  • Trang D. T. Nguyen,
  • Toyohiko Nakakubo

摘要

Vietnam faces pollution control problems associated with landfills, along with increasing difficulties in the acquisition of land for waste disposal. This study aimed to characterize landfills in a built database and prioritize measures based on land use-focused assessment, thereby facilitating strategies to enhance landfill management. Of the 4421 landfills nationwide, only 443 were sanitary (10%) and a majority (98.6%) were small, with < 1-ha landfills accounting for 86.6% of the total. The area for sanitary landfilling accounted for 39% of the total area. Landfills are generally poorly located, designed, and operated, and encounter increasing risks owing to climate change. Land use-focused assessment revealed that 90% of provinces did not meet the regulated limit of the calculated land use rate, implying improper utilization of land for waste landfilling. Benchmarking was employed to prioritize the proposed measures, revealing the highest prioritization for the combined measure of dumpsite cleanup and Waste-to-Energy (WtE) incineration. The adoption of prioritized measures could help narrow 39.4% (1524 ha) of the dumping area that must be reduced by the target years. These findings provide efficient measures to address landfill-associated challenges, support the adopted strategies with better resource allocation, and benefit other developing countries with referable evidence and waste databases.