Resource recovery from citrus and chicken waste to develop biocomposite film and its characterization
摘要
The present study was to explore the utilization of waste bio-resources towards value-addition. The development of bio-composite films utilizing pectin and keratin amalgamated with glycerol as plasticizer using solution casting method. Pectin was extracted from citrus peel under different extraction conditions and characterized for different quantitative and qualitative parameters. Similarly, keratin was extracted from chicken feather waste with variable physicochemical inputs under alkaline condition. The inclusion of H2O2 in keratin extraction solution increases the protein extractability and reduces the browning of hydrolysate color. The developed bio-composite films with varying ratio of pectin to keratin were analyzed for their physico-chemical, surface morphology, and mechanical properties. Smoothness of the film surface was increases with increasing keratin concentration, however, increases fragile nature of films. The inclusion of glycerol provides smoothness and flexibility and decreases the fractured surface indicating improved intermolecular interactions between the pectin and keratin protein. Further, it shows disintegration in water upon mechanical stirring at moderate to high temperature. Hence, it may be useful in developing water soluble films for medical applications and as edible biofilms.