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<p>Waste treatment facilities (WTFs), such as wastewater treatment plants, garbage recycling stations, and hazardous waste landfills, are crucial for national ecological protection but face regional imbalance in China. However, existing research often overlooks the efficiency of all waste treatment from a holistic perspective, hampering planning decisions in waste management departments. This study employs the DEA-Malmquist-Tobit approach to assess the Chinese operational efficiency of WTF (OEoWTF) from 2004 to 2021, incorporating wastewater, garbage, solid waste, and hazardous waste. Findings reveal stable static OEoWTF performance over the study period, with recent scale efficiency decline but positive dynamic growth. Technological progress drives OEoWTF improvement, while Tobit regression identifies positive impacts from secondary industry development and technical financial support, but adverse effects from environmental investment policies. Regional variations in OEoWTF exist, with stronger dynamic performance in western provinces and better static performance in northern and eastern provinces. These insights guide waste management departments to enhance OEoWTF and balance input resource allocation, including optimizing WTF operation scale and promoting knowledge sharing.</p>

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How to improve the operational efficiency of China’s waste treatment facilities: a DEA-Malmquist-Tobit approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月8日

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  • Lugang Yu,
  • Dezhi Li,
  • Jinbo Song,
  • Shenghua Zhou,
  • Lingli Li

摘要

Waste treatment facilities (WTFs), such as wastewater treatment plants, garbage recycling stations, and hazardous waste landfills, are crucial for national ecological protection but face regional imbalance in China. However, existing research often overlooks the efficiency of all waste treatment from a holistic perspective, hampering planning decisions in waste management departments. This study employs the DEA-Malmquist-Tobit approach to assess the Chinese operational efficiency of WTF (OEoWTF) from 2004 to 2021, incorporating wastewater, garbage, solid waste, and hazardous waste. Findings reveal stable static OEoWTF performance over the study period, with recent scale efficiency decline but positive dynamic growth. Technological progress drives OEoWTF improvement, while Tobit regression identifies positive impacts from secondary industry development and technical financial support, but adverse effects from environmental investment policies. Regional variations in OEoWTF exist, with stronger dynamic performance in western provinces and better static performance in northern and eastern provinces. These insights guide waste management departments to enhance OEoWTF and balance input resource allocation, including optimizing WTF operation scale and promoting knowledge sharing.