Research progress on high-value utilization technology of sludge solid waste in China

The acceleration of urbanization has intensified the strain on sewage treatment systems. Research on reducing, rendering harmless, and resourcefully treating organic solid waste has gained significant attention. This study begins by outlining the current state of sludge treatment in China, followed by a review of advancements in pyrolysis, biological treatment, and gasification technologies. It systematically categorizes, compares, and summarizes influencing factors, and process mechanisms of various technologies. The paper focuses on the distinctive features of different processes, emphasizing the high-value utilization of three-phase products and the optimization of reaction conditions. In addition, it provides insights into enhancing the resource utilization of sludge and solid waste, as well as optimizing treatment technologies. This paper aims to consider the ecological environment and economic benefits of the efficient treatment of solid organic waste. It provides reference for industrial application, and contributes to the building of a resource-saving and environmentally friendly society.