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<p>Oxidative stress (OS), caused by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defenses, has a dual role in cancer: it can both drive tumor growth and trigger cell death. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, are closely linked to this process. ROS influence miRNA production through effects on RNA processing enzymes, transcription factors, and epigenetic changes, while miRNAs in turn regulate ROS levels by targeting key antioxidant pathways such as Nrf2/Keap1, superoxide dismutase, and catalase. This two-way regulation shapes cancer development by controlling proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. Understanding this crosstalk provides new opportunities for therapy, including miRNA-based strategies to restore redox balance and improve cancer treatment outcomes. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms of ROS and miRNA interactions and discusses their implications for cancer pathogenesis and therapeutic targeting.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Crosstalk between miRNAs and oxidative stress: implications for cancer pathogenesis and therapy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月2日

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  • Reda M. Mansour,
  • Mohamed Hemdan,
  • Khaled M. Alam Eldein,
  • Al-Aliaa M. Sallam,
  • Hanan A. Elimam,
  • Ola Elazazy,
  • Sherif S. Abdel Mageed,
  • Osama A. Mohammed,
  • Nehal I. Rizk,
  • Moustafa Mahmoud Abdelaziz,
  • Moaz Mohsen Shafey,
  • Nawal Osama Amin Mohamed,
  • Mariam Osama Abd-Allah Hamed,
  • Ahmed S. Doghish

摘要

Oxidative stress (OS), caused by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defenses, has a dual role in cancer: it can both drive tumor growth and trigger cell death. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, are closely linked to this process. ROS influence miRNA production through effects on RNA processing enzymes, transcription factors, and epigenetic changes, while miRNAs in turn regulate ROS levels by targeting key antioxidant pathways such as Nrf2/Keap1, superoxide dismutase, and catalase. This two-way regulation shapes cancer development by controlling proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. Understanding this crosstalk provides new opportunities for therapy, including miRNA-based strategies to restore redox balance and improve cancer treatment outcomes. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms of ROS and miRNA interactions and discusses their implications for cancer pathogenesis and therapeutic targeting.

Graphical abstract