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<p>Teleost fishes display remarkable diversity in sex determination mechanisms, yet this aspect remains uninvestigated in the family Hexagrammidae. In this study, we performed whole-genome resequencing of <i>Hexagrammos otakii</i> to characterize its sex determination system. Genome-wide association studies and population differentiation index analysis identified chromosome 9 as the sex chromosome, supporting a male heterogametic (XY) system. A 3.11&#xa0;Mb sex-determining region (SDR) was delineated, containing the potential candidate gene <i>gdf6a</i>. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that the <i>H. otakii</i> sex chromosome is non-homologous to those reported in other Cottioidei species, suggesting an independent origin and a dynamic evolutionary trajectory. In addition, we identified a 99&#xa0;bp male-specific deletion within the SDR and developed a PCR-based marker that successfully differentiates sex with 100% accuracy. This study provides the first characterization of a sex chromosome in Hexagrammidae and offers a practical tool for sex-controlled breeding and germplasm management in <i>H. otakii</i>.</p>

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Whole-genome Resequencing Reveals the Sex Determination System and Develops a Sex-specific Marker in Fat Greenling (Hexagrammos otakii)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月17日

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  • Duan Liao,
  • Yangqing Zhang,
  • Chunlong Miao,
  • Shuo Li,
  • Weijing Li,
  • Chen Li,
  • Ivana Felipe da Rosa,
  • Lucas Benites Doretto,
  • Yuyan Liu,
  • Qian Wang,
  • Kaiqiang Liu,
  • Hong-Yan Wang,
  • Changwei Shao

摘要

Teleost fishes display remarkable diversity in sex determination mechanisms, yet this aspect remains uninvestigated in the family Hexagrammidae. In this study, we performed whole-genome resequencing of Hexagrammos otakii to characterize its sex determination system. Genome-wide association studies and population differentiation index analysis identified chromosome 9 as the sex chromosome, supporting a male heterogametic (XY) system. A 3.11 Mb sex-determining region (SDR) was delineated, containing the potential candidate gene gdf6a. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that the H. otakii sex chromosome is non-homologous to those reported in other Cottioidei species, suggesting an independent origin and a dynamic evolutionary trajectory. In addition, we identified a 99 bp male-specific deletion within the SDR and developed a PCR-based marker that successfully differentiates sex with 100% accuracy. This study provides the first characterization of a sex chromosome in Hexagrammidae and offers a practical tool for sex-controlled breeding and germplasm management in H. otakii.