Influence of seasonal humidity and nitrogen on soil ciliate and bacterial diversity beneath the canopy of Neltuma laevigata
摘要
Arid zones are characterized by low water availability and sporadic rainfall, with typically low organic matter content, what is the main nitrogen (N) reservoir in the soil. N availability depends largely on mineralization processes carried out by prokaryotes, which are stimulated by predatory protists, such as ciliates, that enhance N mobilization. In this context, Neltuma laevigata plays a key role by forming symbioses with N-fixing bacteria and contributing to carbon accumulation and organic matter enrichment, thereby promoting ecosystem resilience The results indicate that ciliate diversity is more strongly influenced during the dry season than during the wet season, with moisture favoring smaller species under dry conditions and larger species during the wet season. Nitrogen more strongly influences bacterial diversity, with Proteobacteria prevailing in the wet season and Actinobacteria in the dry season.