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<p>Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) is widely used owing to its excellent mechanical properties, thermal stability, and processability; however, its poor inherent flame retardancy limits its applications, which require higher safety. Conventional flame-retardant ABS systems mainly rely on a bromine-antimony synergistic system, in which antimony trioxide (ATO) is costly and environmentally concerning. In this study, decabromodiphenylethane (DBDPE) and ATO were first selected as the flame-retardant systems and combined at a mass ratio of 3:1. The results showed that the ABS/12DBDPE/4ATO composite achieved a UL-94 V-0 rating with a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 24.0%. Subsequently, zinc ferrite (ZF) nanoparticles were synthesized <i>via</i> a co-precipitation method and employed as partial substitutes for ATO in ABS composites. When 50 wt% ATO was replaced by ZF, the ABS/12DBDPE/2ATO/2ZF composite exhibited an increased LOI value of 26.9%, while still achieving a UL-94 V-0 rating. Compared with neat ABS, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) were reduced by 62.1% and 46.3%, respectively. Furthermore, incorporating 5 wt% nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) significantly improved the toughness of the composite, increasing the impact strength from 3.8 kJ/m<sup>2</sup> to 13.2 kJ/m<sup>2</sup>, without compromising flame retardancy. Overall, this study demonstrates an effective and practical strategy to reduce ATO usage while simultaneously enhancing the fire safety and mechanical performance of ABS.</p>

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Zinc Ferrite as an Eco-friendly Synergist for Decabromodiphenyl Ethane in Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene: an Effective Alternative to Antimony Trioxide for Enhanced Flame Retardancy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月22日

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  • Ge-Hao Guo,
  • Miao-Miao Tian,
  • Meng-Yuan Zheng,
  • Qing-Hua Peng,
  • Xiang Tan,
  • Chang-Hui Luo,
  • Jun Sun,
  • Xiao-Yu Gu,
  • Hong-Fei Li,
  • Sheng Zhang

摘要

Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) is widely used owing to its excellent mechanical properties, thermal stability, and processability; however, its poor inherent flame retardancy limits its applications, which require higher safety. Conventional flame-retardant ABS systems mainly rely on a bromine-antimony synergistic system, in which antimony trioxide (ATO) is costly and environmentally concerning. In this study, decabromodiphenylethane (DBDPE) and ATO were first selected as the flame-retardant systems and combined at a mass ratio of 3:1. The results showed that the ABS/12DBDPE/4ATO composite achieved a UL-94 V-0 rating with a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 24.0%. Subsequently, zinc ferrite (ZF) nanoparticles were synthesized via a co-precipitation method and employed as partial substitutes for ATO in ABS composites. When 50 wt% ATO was replaced by ZF, the ABS/12DBDPE/2ATO/2ZF composite exhibited an increased LOI value of 26.9%, while still achieving a UL-94 V-0 rating. Compared with neat ABS, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) were reduced by 62.1% and 46.3%, respectively. Furthermore, incorporating 5 wt% nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) significantly improved the toughness of the composite, increasing the impact strength from 3.8 kJ/m2 to 13.2 kJ/m2, without compromising flame retardancy. Overall, this study demonstrates an effective and practical strategy to reduce ATO usage while simultaneously enhancing the fire safety and mechanical performance of ABS.