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<p>The currently reported conductive hydrogels are mainly used to detect the mechanical signals of human movement, whereas the application of detecting weak electrophysiological signals in epidermal electrodes is still limited by a low signal-to-noise ratio and motion artifacts. In this study, a one-pot method was used to prepare a hydrogel conductor with excellent flexibility, self-adhesiveness, and compliance by introducing chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (HAAC) and 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) into the polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogel network. By adjusting the AMPS and HAAC contents, the hydrogel showed skin-like mechanical properties and surface adhesion, successfully eliminating the gap with the skin surface. The self-adhesive hydrogel showed a lower impedance (approximately 190 kΩ) than commercial Ag/AgCl electrodes. Notably, the hydrogel electrodes exhibited a significantly higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than the commercial electrodes at the same level of muscle contraction. The hydrogel electrodes could accurately detect dynamic weak EMG signals and successfully drive the prosthetic hand to grasp without errors. Importantly, the combination of hydrogel strain sensors and epidermal electrodes can quantify the mode, frequency, and intensity of human movement, which has broad application prospects in data acquisition for daily exercise, fitness, and rehabilitation.</p>

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Robust Skin-adaptable Bioelectronics with Self-adhesive Polysaccharide Hydrogel Conductors for Multimodal Physiological Signal Acquisition

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月6日

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  • Shan Xia,
  • Lei Yang,
  • Ming Wang,
  • Qi Wang,
  • Yu-Jiao Bi,
  • Guang-Hui Gao

摘要

The currently reported conductive hydrogels are mainly used to detect the mechanical signals of human movement, whereas the application of detecting weak electrophysiological signals in epidermal electrodes is still limited by a low signal-to-noise ratio and motion artifacts. In this study, a one-pot method was used to prepare a hydrogel conductor with excellent flexibility, self-adhesiveness, and compliance by introducing chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (HAAC) and 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) into the polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogel network. By adjusting the AMPS and HAAC contents, the hydrogel showed skin-like mechanical properties and surface adhesion, successfully eliminating the gap with the skin surface. The self-adhesive hydrogel showed a lower impedance (approximately 190 kΩ) than commercial Ag/AgCl electrodes. Notably, the hydrogel electrodes exhibited a significantly higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than the commercial electrodes at the same level of muscle contraction. The hydrogel electrodes could accurately detect dynamic weak EMG signals and successfully drive the prosthetic hand to grasp without errors. Importantly, the combination of hydrogel strain sensors and epidermal electrodes can quantify the mode, frequency, and intensity of human movement, which has broad application prospects in data acquisition for daily exercise, fitness, and rehabilitation.