<p>The pseudo-planar heterojunction (PPHJ) structure obtained <i>via</i> layer-by-layer (LBL) deposition offers a promising pathway for efficient and stable organic solar cells (OSCs); however, solvent-induced swelling and erosion of the donor layer during acceptor deposition often hinder the formation of an ideal vertical phase separation (VPS) morphology. Here, a simple approach for incorporating a highly crystalline polymer as a buffer layer between the donor and acceptor layers is proposed. We investigated the effectiveness of this strategy by constructing three systems: PM6/L8-BO, PM6:D18/L8-BO, and PM6/D18/L8-BO. Compared with the other two systems, when deposited as a separate layer, D18 with low surface energy forms a dense crystalline fibrillar network, effectively suppressing L8-BO over-penetration and mitigating chloroform-induced PM6 erosion. This architecture achieves the most favorable VPS morphology with an improved donor/acceptor gradient distribution and higher phase purity, facilitating charge transport and suppressing recombination. Moreover, the D18 buffer layer can regulate molecular packing, improve active layer crystallinity, and passivate interfacial defects to reduce energy loss. Consequently, the PM6/D18/L8-BO-based device achieved a superior power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.80%. Notably, integrating BTP-eC9 further increased the PCE to 20.21%. This study demonstrates that introducing a highly crystalline polymer as a p-i-n buffer layer can effectively optimize the VPS morphology, enabling high-performance PPHJ OSCs.</p>

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Erosion-immune Layer-by-layer Deposition Enabled by Interfacial Buffering toward 20.21%-Efficient Pseudo-Planar Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells

  • Dan Liu,
  • Jin-Yang Yu,
  • Yu-Ang Fu,
  • Ming-Tao Liu,
  • Pei-Pei Zhu,
  • Jia-Nan Fang,
  • Xin Song,
  • Hai-Ming Zhu,
  • Xin-Hui Lu,
  • Hong-Zheng Chen,
  • Xun-Fan Liao,
  • Yi-Wang Chen

摘要

The pseudo-planar heterojunction (PPHJ) structure obtained via layer-by-layer (LBL) deposition offers a promising pathway for efficient and stable organic solar cells (OSCs); however, solvent-induced swelling and erosion of the donor layer during acceptor deposition often hinder the formation of an ideal vertical phase separation (VPS) morphology. Here, a simple approach for incorporating a highly crystalline polymer as a buffer layer between the donor and acceptor layers is proposed. We investigated the effectiveness of this strategy by constructing three systems: PM6/L8-BO, PM6:D18/L8-BO, and PM6/D18/L8-BO. Compared with the other two systems, when deposited as a separate layer, D18 with low surface energy forms a dense crystalline fibrillar network, effectively suppressing L8-BO over-penetration and mitigating chloroform-induced PM6 erosion. This architecture achieves the most favorable VPS morphology with an improved donor/acceptor gradient distribution and higher phase purity, facilitating charge transport and suppressing recombination. Moreover, the D18 buffer layer can regulate molecular packing, improve active layer crystallinity, and passivate interfacial defects to reduce energy loss. Consequently, the PM6/D18/L8-BO-based device achieved a superior power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.80%. Notably, integrating BTP-eC9 further increased the PCE to 20.21%. This study demonstrates that introducing a highly crystalline polymer as a p-i-n buffer layer can effectively optimize the VPS morphology, enabling high-performance PPHJ OSCs.