<p>Polymeric materials which can undergo controlled degradation and recycling are of great significance for a sustainable society. Although tremendous progress has been made in the degradation and recycling of both thermoplastic and thermoset plastics, the development of high-performance degradable polymer adhesives is rare. Here, we have prepared high-performance nucleobase-containing thioctic acid-based supramolecular polymer adhesives through free radical polymerization. The specific hydrogen-bonding interactions between complementary nucleobases greatly improve the weak cohesion of the thioctic acid-based polymers and enhance the environmental stability of the thioctic acid-based polymers simultaneously. Degradation of the nucleobase-containing thioctic acid-based supramolecular polymers is achieved by the reduction of the disulfide backbone, and the cycle of degradation and repolymerization is further achieved <i>via</i> oxidative polymerization. The adhesion strength of the nucleobase-containing thioctic acid-based supramolecular polymers after two cycles of degradation and repolymerization still reaches as high as 4.7±0.3 MPa. This work provides an approach for the development of environmentally stable and high-performance degradable thioctic acid-based adhesives.</p>