Fabrication of Modified Fibrous Filters by Electrospinning and Investigating Their Application as Improved Face Masks

Owing to the significant increase in air pollutants and the spread of infectious diseases, it seems that the use of face masks will become an essential item in human societies. Therefore, there is a need to conduct more research to develop novel types of respirators utilizing up-to-date science such as nanotechnology. In this study, we fabricated a nanocomposite fibrous filter containing modified graphene oxide (GO) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. This layer was used as an active filter for absorbing and removing air pollutants, such as suspended submicron particles (below 2.5 microns) and CO₂, NO₂, and SO₂ gases. The synthesized nanostructures and fibrous filters were characterized by different analysis (FTIR, XRD, TGA, and FESEM), and the performance of the filters was surveyed by tests such as pressure drop, CO₂, NO₂, SO₂ gas rejection, and particulate removal. The results showed that the stabilization of the modified GO and ZnO nanostructures on the fibrous filter improved the effectiveness of this filter as a mask for removing toxic particles and gases, and the filter containing nanoparticles had the best performance.