<p>Climate change poses significant threats to smallholder agriculture and food security in sub-Saharan Africa. While Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) is promoted as a crucial adaptation strategy, a comprehensive, localised understanding of its adoption dynamics, influencing factors, and direct food security outcomes, particularly in light of gender disparities and specific contextual barriers, remains underexplored in many Ghanaian districts. This study addressed this gap by investigating CSA practices, their perceived impacts on food security, and the determinants&#xa0;of adoption among 200 smallholder farmers in Ghana's Sekyere Kumawu District. Using a cross-sectional survey, the research found that farmers, predominantly middle-aged with extensive experience, widely adopt Integrated Pest Management, agroforestry, and crop rotation. Economic benefits and environmental concerns were the primary drivers of adoption, although financial constraints emerged as the overwhelming barrier. The CSA had a positive impact on crop yields and household food availability, thereby reducing food shortages. However, gender disparities in access to support and improvements in food availability were evident, and challenges such as dietary diversity and occasional hunger persisted. The study concludes that while CSA significantly enhances food security, its full potential is constrained by financial limitations and gender-specific access issues, necessitating targeted financial inclusion and gender-sensitive extension services for sustainable agricultural resilience.</p>