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<p>Aquatic plants and macrobenthos play important roles in maintaining and stabilizing the structure and function of the alpine wetlands in the Yellow River Source Zone. This study investigated the impacts of human interference on biodiversity in the alpine wetlands of the Yellow River Source Zone through a comparative analysis of multiple indicators—including aquatic plants, macrobenthos, soil sediment, and water quality—between natural and human-interfered areas across six representative counties. We identified 28 aquatic plant (25 species in the natural areas and 17 in the human-interfered areas) and 59 macrobenthos species (46 species in natural areas and 32 in human-interfered areas) in all six counties. Overall, the structural indices (density, species number, and biomass) and diversity indices (Shannon diversity, Margalef’s richness, and Pielou’s evenness) of aquatic plants and macrobenthos, and the sediment organic carbon content were significantly lower in areas of human interference than those in the natural areas. In contrast, sediment nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus contents, water temperature, and population density demonstrated an opposite trend between these areas. The interactive effects of two different factors (human interference or not, and different counties) on most biodiversity indices were significant. The RDA results indicated that the biodiversity indices of aquatic plants and macrobenthos showed a significant positive correlation with sediment organic carbon (39.91%) and negative correlation with population density (7.08%, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). A synergistic trend was observed between most indices of macrobenthos and aquatic plants. This study provides reasonable scientific recommendations for protecting the biodiversity of alpine wetlands in areas of human interference.</p>

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Human interference causes biodiversity loss of aquatic plants and macrobenthos and degradation of alpine wetlands in the Yellow River Source Zone: Implications for management and restoration

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月16日

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  • Zhichao Xu,
  • Dongdong Qiu,
  • Yueheng Ren,
  • Xiaoyu Zhan,
  • Yubing Liu,
  • Hua Zhang,
  • Yanpeng Zhu

摘要

Aquatic plants and macrobenthos play important roles in maintaining and stabilizing the structure and function of the alpine wetlands in the Yellow River Source Zone. This study investigated the impacts of human interference on biodiversity in the alpine wetlands of the Yellow River Source Zone through a comparative analysis of multiple indicators—including aquatic plants, macrobenthos, soil sediment, and water quality—between natural and human-interfered areas across six representative counties. We identified 28 aquatic plant (25 species in the natural areas and 17 in the human-interfered areas) and 59 macrobenthos species (46 species in natural areas and 32 in human-interfered areas) in all six counties. Overall, the structural indices (density, species number, and biomass) and diversity indices (Shannon diversity, Margalef’s richness, and Pielou’s evenness) of aquatic plants and macrobenthos, and the sediment organic carbon content were significantly lower in areas of human interference than those in the natural areas. In contrast, sediment nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus contents, water temperature, and population density demonstrated an opposite trend between these areas. The interactive effects of two different factors (human interference or not, and different counties) on most biodiversity indices were significant. The RDA results indicated that the biodiversity indices of aquatic plants and macrobenthos showed a significant positive correlation with sediment organic carbon (39.91%) and negative correlation with population density (7.08%, P < 0.05). A synergistic trend was observed between most indices of macrobenthos and aquatic plants. This study provides reasonable scientific recommendations for protecting the biodiversity of alpine wetlands in areas of human interference.