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<p>Currently, the management of dye-contaminated water using sustainable methods is a priority for the environment. Herein, the removal of methylene blue (MB), a model cationic dye, from wastewater was investigated using the powdered microalgal biomass of <i>Tetradesmus obliquus</i> as a biosorbent. The microalgal biomass was characterised using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis. Various parameters, including biosorbent dosage (2.5&#xa0;mg/ml), incubation time (50&#xa0;min), temperature (30&#xa0;°C), pH (10) and dye concentration of 40&#xa0;mg/L were optimised with maximum removal rate of 91.80%. Further, the key thermodynamic parameters such as ΔGº, ΔHº, and ΔSº were calculated and MB biosorption was found to be endothermic and spontaneous. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Raduskevich and Temkin isotherms were used to represent the adsorption equilibrium. The study showed that highest adsorption capacity of 239.8&#xa0;mg/g, and Langmuir offered the best fit. The pseudo-second-order model described the adsorption order effectively. The biomass can be used upto 5 times without any significant loss in removal efficiency. Even after the sixth cycle of reuse of the biomass, approximately 70% of dye removal was observed. Thus, this result suggests that <i>T. obliquus</i> microalgal biomass can be exploited as an effective biosorbent for the cleaning of dye-contaminated water.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Thermodynamic analysis, kinetics, and isotherms of Tetradesmus obliquus algal biomass for the removal of methylene blue from wastewater

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月14日

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  • Kriti Sharma,
  • Ashok Kumar Nadda

摘要

Currently, the management of dye-contaminated water using sustainable methods is a priority for the environment. Herein, the removal of methylene blue (MB), a model cationic dye, from wastewater was investigated using the powdered microalgal biomass of Tetradesmus obliquus as a biosorbent. The microalgal biomass was characterised using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis. Various parameters, including biosorbent dosage (2.5 mg/ml), incubation time (50 min), temperature (30 °C), pH (10) and dye concentration of 40 mg/L were optimised with maximum removal rate of 91.80%. Further, the key thermodynamic parameters such as ΔGº, ΔHº, and ΔSº were calculated and MB biosorption was found to be endothermic and spontaneous. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Raduskevich and Temkin isotherms were used to represent the adsorption equilibrium. The study showed that highest adsorption capacity of 239.8 mg/g, and Langmuir offered the best fit. The pseudo-second-order model described the adsorption order effectively. The biomass can be used upto 5 times without any significant loss in removal efficiency. Even after the sixth cycle of reuse of the biomass, approximately 70% of dye removal was observed. Thus, this result suggests that T. obliquus microalgal biomass can be exploited as an effective biosorbent for the cleaning of dye-contaminated water.

Graphical abstract