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Abstract <p>As climate change impacts intensify globally, China faces the dual challenge of fulfilling international “dual carbon” commitments and improving its domestic ecological environment. In this context, cities’&#xa0;low-carbon development has emerged as a critical pathway for climate change mitigation and sustainable development. This study constructs an comprehensive&#xa0;evaluation index system incorporating&#xa0;seven key&#xa0;dimensions: low-carbon economy, low-carbon energy, low-carbon transportation, low-carbon endowment, low-carbon technology, low-carbon environment, and low-carbon policy. It evaluates systematically assessing the low-carbon development levels of 30 major Chinese&#xa0;cities and, through hierarchical clustering analysis, identifies different low-carbon development patterns for cities, including low-carbon transition cities, low-carbon enhancement cities, and low-carbon development cities. Based on this, targeted low-carbon development pathways are proposed to facilitate the low-carbon transformation of different categories of cities. The research outcomes not only provide a scientific basis for evaluating cities’&#xa0; low-carbon development but also offer policy recommendations with practical significance for achieving China's carbon peak and neutrality goals.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Comprehensive assessment of low-carbon development and exploration of low-carbon transformation paths in Chinese cities

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月28日

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  • Min Zhang,
  • I.-Shin Chang,
  • Jing Wu

摘要

Abstract

As climate change impacts intensify globally, China faces the dual challenge of fulfilling international “dual carbon” commitments and improving its domestic ecological environment. In this context, cities’ low-carbon development has emerged as a critical pathway for climate change mitigation and sustainable development. This study constructs an comprehensive evaluation index system incorporating seven key dimensions: low-carbon economy, low-carbon energy, low-carbon transportation, low-carbon endowment, low-carbon technology, low-carbon environment, and low-carbon policy. It evaluates systematically assessing the low-carbon development levels of 30 major Chinese cities and, through hierarchical clustering analysis, identifies different low-carbon development patterns for cities, including low-carbon transition cities, low-carbon enhancement cities, and low-carbon development cities. Based on this, targeted low-carbon development pathways are proposed to facilitate the low-carbon transformation of different categories of cities. The research outcomes not only provide a scientific basis for evaluating cities’  low-carbon development but also offer policy recommendations with practical significance for achieving China's carbon peak and neutrality goals.

Graphical Abstract