<p>The lithium industry is one of the pillars of digital evolution and in turn, impacts other industries, such as aviation, aerospace, medicine, chemistry and materials, transport, telecommunications, and security. The management of battery lithium manufacture, predicting future battery capacities, managing battery reutilization, and developing emerging technologies are some of the responsibilities of the lithium sector that are carried out in the literature. Motivated by these critical aspects, different data science proposals have emerged to address existing challenges and optimize the use of resources. Therefore, this study analyzed the implications of data science, including the types of data created, methodological factors, and collaborative aspects that will enable sustainable innovation in the lithium industry.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>