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Purpose <p>To identify predictors of hospital readmissions within 30 days after discharge following a bloodstream infection (BSI).</p> Methods <p>Population-based study of 30,843 patients surviving after their first BSI episode, 2007–2016. Using multivariate competing risk regression analyses, we estimated subhazard ratios (sHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all-cause, infection-related, and unplanned readmissions. Predictors included sex, age, comorbidities, causative microorganisms, length of stay (LOS), and prior hospital admissions.</p> Results <p>Within 30 days of discharge, 9655 patients (31.3%) were readmitted of which 3333 (34.5%) were infection-related and 7725 (80.0%) unplanned. Higher risks of all-cause readmissions were observed for males (sHR [95% CI]: 1.07 [1.03–1.12]), those aged 0–15 years (1.41 [1.26–1.58]), and patients with several comorbidities, especially malignancies and liver diseases (sHR 1.26–2.09). BSIs caused by most microorganisms other than <i>Escherichia coli</i> also predicted an increased readmission risk (sHR 1.11–1.39). LOS in the first, third, and fourth quartiles also predicted a higher readmission risk (sHR 1.26, 1.14, and 1.25, respectively). Patients with prior hospitalization also had a higher readmission risk, within 31–365 (sHR 1.22 [1.16–1.28]) and 1–30 days (1.70 [1.61–1.79]). Results were similar for unplanned readmissions. For infection-related readmissions, only LOS in the first quartile (1–5 days) was associated with a higher readmission risk (1.67 [1.52–1.85]). Over the study period, the median LOS decreased, whereas readmission rates increased.</p> Conclusion <p>Nearly one-third of patients discharged alive after a BSI were readmitted within 30 days. Further studies are needed to determine whether some of these readmissions may be avoidable.</p>

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Predictors of 30-day readmission in patients with bloodstream infection: a population-based cohort study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月12日

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  • Kim Oren Gradel,
  • Pavithra Laxsen Anru,
  • Stig Lønberg Nielsen,
  • Sofie Skovmand,
  • Ram Benny Dessau,
  • Jens Kjølseth Møller,
  • Steen Lomborg Andersen,
  • Thøger Gorm Jensen,
  • John Eugenio Coia,
  • Mette Søgaard

摘要

Purpose

To identify predictors of hospital readmissions within 30 days after discharge following a bloodstream infection (BSI).

Methods

Population-based study of 30,843 patients surviving after their first BSI episode, 2007–2016. Using multivariate competing risk regression analyses, we estimated subhazard ratios (sHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all-cause, infection-related, and unplanned readmissions. Predictors included sex, age, comorbidities, causative microorganisms, length of stay (LOS), and prior hospital admissions.

Results

Within 30 days of discharge, 9655 patients (31.3%) were readmitted of which 3333 (34.5%) were infection-related and 7725 (80.0%) unplanned. Higher risks of all-cause readmissions were observed for males (sHR [95% CI]: 1.07 [1.03–1.12]), those aged 0–15 years (1.41 [1.26–1.58]), and patients with several comorbidities, especially malignancies and liver diseases (sHR 1.26–2.09). BSIs caused by most microorganisms other than Escherichia coli also predicted an increased readmission risk (sHR 1.11–1.39). LOS in the first, third, and fourth quartiles also predicted a higher readmission risk (sHR 1.26, 1.14, and 1.25, respectively). Patients with prior hospitalization also had a higher readmission risk, within 31–365 (sHR 1.22 [1.16–1.28]) and 1–30 days (1.70 [1.61–1.79]). Results were similar for unplanned readmissions. For infection-related readmissions, only LOS in the first quartile (1–5 days) was associated with a higher readmission risk (1.67 [1.52–1.85]). Over the study period, the median LOS decreased, whereas readmission rates increased.

Conclusion

Nearly one-third of patients discharged alive after a BSI were readmitted within 30 days. Further studies are needed to determine whether some of these readmissions may be avoidable.