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Purpose <p>In 2023, <i>Helicobacter zha</i><i>ngjianzhongii</i> was proposed as a new species in the <i>Helicobacter</i> genus. We here describe two human cases of <i>H. zhangjianzhongii</i> bacteremia.</p> Methods <p>Four clinical strains from the <i>Helicobacter</i> genus isolated from blood culture between 2017 and 2023 were studied. They were initially identified as <i>H. canis</i> by MALDI-TOF and 16S rDNA sequencing. The strains were biochemically characterized and tested at different temperatures and atmospheres. Two databases were used to characterize the isolates: the Bruker® MBT compass Version 4.1.1 database and a in-house spectrum-enriched database. After bacterial DNA extraction the genomes were sequenced on NovaSeq 6000 (Illumina) and analyzed using an in-house pipeline.</p> Results <p>Case 1 involved a 58-year-old woman who was hospitalized in a thoracic oncology unit because her general condition deteriorated in a setting of small-cell carcinoma. She presented with abdominal pain associated with significant hepatomegaly. Case 2 involved a 78-year-old woman on rituximab who was hospitalized to treat chest pain, anemia, and inflammatory syndrome. Both strains exhibited very similar microbiological and genomic characteristics, thus growth in a microaerobic atmosphere at 37°C and 42°C, oxidase-positivity, and urease- and catalase-negativity. Both were formally identified by whole-genome sequencing as <i>H. zhangjianzhongii</i> (ANI &gt; 99% and DDH &gt; 94%).</p> Conclusion <p>This proposed species is associated with bacteremia in humans. It is thus likely to be a novel human pathogen. Dogs may have been the source of infection.</p>

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The first two human infections with Helicobacter zhangjianzhongii, a new Helicobacter closely related to Helicobacter canis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月11日

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  • Sahel Wandji,
  • Quentin Jehanne,
  • Lucie Bénéjat,
  • Astrid Ducournau,
  • Johanna Aptel,
  • Marion Levast,
  • Marine Jauvain,
  • Philippe Lehours

摘要

Purpose

In 2023, Helicobacter zhangjianzhongii was proposed as a new species in the Helicobacter genus. We here describe two human cases of H. zhangjianzhongii bacteremia.

Methods

Four clinical strains from the Helicobacter genus isolated from blood culture between 2017 and 2023 were studied. They were initially identified as H. canis by MALDI-TOF and 16S rDNA sequencing. The strains were biochemically characterized and tested at different temperatures and atmospheres. Two databases were used to characterize the isolates: the Bruker® MBT compass Version 4.1.1 database and a in-house spectrum-enriched database. After bacterial DNA extraction the genomes were sequenced on NovaSeq 6000 (Illumina) and analyzed using an in-house pipeline.

Results

Case 1 involved a 58-year-old woman who was hospitalized in a thoracic oncology unit because her general condition deteriorated in a setting of small-cell carcinoma. She presented with abdominal pain associated with significant hepatomegaly. Case 2 involved a 78-year-old woman on rituximab who was hospitalized to treat chest pain, anemia, and inflammatory syndrome. Both strains exhibited very similar microbiological and genomic characteristics, thus growth in a microaerobic atmosphere at 37°C and 42°C, oxidase-positivity, and urease- and catalase-negativity. Both were formally identified by whole-genome sequencing as H. zhangjianzhongii (ANI > 99% and DDH > 94%).

Conclusion

This proposed species is associated with bacteremia in humans. It is thus likely to be a novel human pathogen. Dogs may have been the source of infection.