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Background <p>Vascular parkinsonism (VP) and the postural instability and gait difficulty (PIGD) subtype of Parkinson’s disease (PD) exhibit similar gait characteristics. However, most research emphasizes lower-limb gait parameters, often neglecting the role of cognitive function in gait regulation. Therefore, this study investigates differences in cognitive-motor interactions between VP and PIGD to identifying specific gait biomarkers and develop a diagnostic model.</p> Methods <p>We recruited 37 PIGD patients and 37 VP patients between year 2022 to 2024 and used wearable devices to record gait parameters during single-task and dual-task paradigms. Demographic and clinical data were collected from all participants. Statistical analysis was conducted using R software with <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05 as statistically significance.</p> Results <p>Multiple gait parameters significantly difference between VP and PIGD groups under both single-task and dual-task paradigms. In both single-task and dual-task gait comparisons, significant differences were observed between VP and PIGD in walk speed, shank swing speed, gait speed, phase coordination index (PCI), and trunk sway maximum (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Corresponding dual-task costs (DTC) also showed significant differences (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). ROC curve analysis indicated a good diagnostic performance when combining multiple gait parameters and their DTC with MoCA scores (AUC 0.838, 95% CI 0.745–0.931; AUC 0.880, 95% CI 0.803–0.957). Correlation analysis revealed that several gait and DTC metrics were highly associated with cognitive performance in VP patients.</p> Conclusion <p>Our study demonstrates that gait parameters provide reliable diagnostic discrimination between VP and PIGD. Moreover, gait parameters were significantly associated with cognitive function in VP patients.</p>

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Discriminating vascular parkinsonism from early-stage postural instability gait difficulty subtype dominant Parkinson’s disease: a dual-task gait analysis using wearable sensors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月26日

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  • Jinyu Li,
  • Yumeng Li,
  • Kainat Aftab,
  • Zixuan Zhang,
  • Shuming Huang,
  • Jie Zu,
  • Liguo Dong,
  • Lei Bao,
  • Tao Zhang,
  • Chuanying Xu,
  • Chenchen Cui,
  • Qihua Xiao,
  • Wei Zhang,
  • Guiyun Cui

摘要

Background

Vascular parkinsonism (VP) and the postural instability and gait difficulty (PIGD) subtype of Parkinson’s disease (PD) exhibit similar gait characteristics. However, most research emphasizes lower-limb gait parameters, often neglecting the role of cognitive function in gait regulation. Therefore, this study investigates differences in cognitive-motor interactions between VP and PIGD to identifying specific gait biomarkers and develop a diagnostic model.

Methods

We recruited 37 PIGD patients and 37 VP patients between year 2022 to 2024 and used wearable devices to record gait parameters during single-task and dual-task paradigms. Demographic and clinical data were collected from all participants. Statistical analysis was conducted using R software with P < 0.05 as statistically significance.

Results

Multiple gait parameters significantly difference between VP and PIGD groups under both single-task and dual-task paradigms. In both single-task and dual-task gait comparisons, significant differences were observed between VP and PIGD in walk speed, shank swing speed, gait speed, phase coordination index (PCI), and trunk sway maximum (P < 0.05). Corresponding dual-task costs (DTC) also showed significant differences (P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis indicated a good diagnostic performance when combining multiple gait parameters and their DTC with MoCA scores (AUC 0.838, 95% CI 0.745–0.931; AUC 0.880, 95% CI 0.803–0.957). Correlation analysis revealed that several gait and DTC metrics were highly associated with cognitive performance in VP patients.

Conclusion

Our study demonstrates that gait parameters provide reliable diagnostic discrimination between VP and PIGD. Moreover, gait parameters were significantly associated with cognitive function in VP patients.