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Objective <p>To present a case of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) following atezolizumab and bevacizumab therapy and systematically review the literature on immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-associated antibody-mediated central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory demyelinating diseases.</p> Background <p>While ICIs have transformed cancer treatment, they can trigger diverse neurological immune-related adverse events. Autoimmune demyelinating disorders remain uncommon, with sparse published cases linking ICIs to MOGAD. We report a novel case of MOGAD developing after administration of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab.</p> Method <p>We conducted a retrospective chart review of the index case and performed a systematic literature review (January 1, 2001, to April 30, 2025) of reported antibody-mediated CNS demyelinating disorders associated with ICIs.</p> Result <p>This represents the first documented MOGAD case during atezolizumab and bevacizumab treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma. The patient achieved a favorable response to intravenous methylprednisolone and immunoglobulin therapy. Further research is warranted to elucidate the pathogenesis underlying ICI-associated MOGAD.</p>

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Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) following atezolizumab and bevacizumab treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月17日

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  • Yi-Xiao Li,
  • Rui-Yun Wang,
  • Yan-Lei Hao

摘要

Objective

To present a case of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) following atezolizumab and bevacizumab therapy and systematically review the literature on immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-associated antibody-mediated central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory demyelinating diseases.

Background

While ICIs have transformed cancer treatment, they can trigger diverse neurological immune-related adverse events. Autoimmune demyelinating disorders remain uncommon, with sparse published cases linking ICIs to MOGAD. We report a novel case of MOGAD developing after administration of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab.

Method

We conducted a retrospective chart review of the index case and performed a systematic literature review (January 1, 2001, to April 30, 2025) of reported antibody-mediated CNS demyelinating disorders associated with ICIs.

Result

This represents the first documented MOGAD case during atezolizumab and bevacizumab treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma. The patient achieved a favorable response to intravenous methylprednisolone and immunoglobulin therapy. Further research is warranted to elucidate the pathogenesis underlying ICI-associated MOGAD.