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Background <p>Animal studies have shown that Glucagon-like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) exerts neuroprotective effects on dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and promotes functional recovery in animals. These preclinical findings suggest that GLP-1 receptor agonist drugs could be promising for treating Parkinson’s disease (PD). This exploratory meta-analysis investigated the efficacy of GLP-1 agonists in the treatment of PD in randomized clinical trials.</p> Methods <p>A systematic literature search was conducted to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with PD, including all relevant articles published up to July 2, 2025. Data extraction focused on mean differences (MD) and standard deviations of the placebo or intervention groups compared with the baseline states. The effect sizes were calculated using the inverse variance statistical method.</p> Results <p>A meta-analysis of six studies, including 428 patients with PD and 329 controls, revealed no statistically significant overall improvement across all sections of the Movement Disorder Society–Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS). Additionally, no significant changes were observed in the Levodopa Equivalent Daily Dose (LED), the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale–Second Edition (MATTIS-DRS2), or the Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39).</p> Conclusions <p>GLP-1 agonists did not demonstrate a neuroprotective effect compared to placebo. Future clinical trials with larger sample sizes, extended durations, and targeted focus on specific patient subgroups and disease stages are warranted to more accurately assess the long-term efficacy of GLP-1 in PD.</p>

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Evaluating the neuroprotective effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists in parkinson’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月13日

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  • Yago Marcos Pessoa-Gonçalves,
  • Victor Hugo Palhares Flávio-Reis,
  • Chamberttan Souza Desidério,
  • Marlos Aureliano Dias-Sousa,
  • Carlo José Freire Oliveira,
  • Rubens Gisbert Cury,
  • Wellington Francisco Rodrigues

摘要

Background

Animal studies have shown that Glucagon-like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) exerts neuroprotective effects on dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and promotes functional recovery in animals. These preclinical findings suggest that GLP-1 receptor agonist drugs could be promising for treating Parkinson’s disease (PD). This exploratory meta-analysis investigated the efficacy of GLP-1 agonists in the treatment of PD in randomized clinical trials.

Methods

A systematic literature search was conducted to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with PD, including all relevant articles published up to July 2, 2025. Data extraction focused on mean differences (MD) and standard deviations of the placebo or intervention groups compared with the baseline states. The effect sizes were calculated using the inverse variance statistical method.

Results

A meta-analysis of six studies, including 428 patients with PD and 329 controls, revealed no statistically significant overall improvement across all sections of the Movement Disorder Society–Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS). Additionally, no significant changes were observed in the Levodopa Equivalent Daily Dose (LED), the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale–Second Edition (MATTIS-DRS2), or the Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39).

Conclusions

GLP-1 agonists did not demonstrate a neuroprotective effect compared to placebo. Future clinical trials with larger sample sizes, extended durations, and targeted focus on specific patient subgroups and disease stages are warranted to more accurately assess the long-term efficacy of GLP-1 in PD.