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Background <p>This study aimed to assess the screening properties of Foderaro et al.s’ updated normative framework for the Italian MMSE in detecting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia due to neurodegenerative, chronic cerebrovascular, and mixed etiologies, as well as in differentiating between these two syndromes.</p> Methods <p>Data on 234 patients with either MCI (<i>N</i> = 83) or dementia (<i>N</i> = 151) due to Alzheimer’s disease (<i>N</i> = 112), Lewy body disease (<i>N</i> = 11), frontotemporal lobar degeneration (<i>N</i> = 20), chronic cerebrovascular disease (<i>N</i> = 39), or mixed (<i>N</i> = 47) etiologies having been administered Foderaro et al.’s version of the MMSE were retrospectively recruited. Moreover, <i>N</i> = 247 healthy controls (HCs) with a normal Montreal Cognitive Assessment performance were prospectively recruited. Receiver-operating characteristics analyses were run to test the capability of both raw and demographically adjusted MMSE scores to discriminate both HCs from MCI/dementia and MCI from dementia. For these comparisons, screening metrics were also computed at Foderaro et al.’s cut-off (&lt;26.02).</p> Results <p>The capability of demographically adjusted MMSE scores to discriminate both HCs from dementia and MCI from dementia was excellent (AUC = 0.91 and 0.93, respectively), whilst good for MCI case-finding (AUC = 0.85). Consistently, the screening metrics associated with the cut-off at hand were optimal-to-excellent for dementia case-finding (sensitivity = 0.95; specificity = 0.99) and for the differentiation between MCI and dementia (sensitivity = 0.95; specificity = 0.64), whilst imbalanced for detecting MCI (sensitivity = 0.35; specificity = 0.99).</p> Discussion <p>Foderaro et al.’s updated normative framework for the Italian MMSE has optimal screening properties for both dementia case-finding and the discrimination between MCI and dementia, being at variance unbalanced towards specificity when it comes to detecting MCI.</p>

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Screening properties of the updated normative framework for the Italian MMSE in MCI and dementia

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月8日

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  • Edoardo Nicolò Aiello,
  • Federico Verde,
  • Beatrice Curti,
  • Giulia De Luca,
  • Lorenzo Diana,
  • Martina Andrea Sirtori,
  • Alessio Maranzano,
  • Chiara Curatoli,
  • Alice Zanin,
  • Elisa Camporeale,
  • Alessandra Gnesa,
  • Vincenzo Silani,
  • Nadia Bolognini,
  • Nicola Ticozzi,
  • Barbara Poletti

摘要

Background

This study aimed to assess the screening properties of Foderaro et al.s’ updated normative framework for the Italian MMSE in detecting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia due to neurodegenerative, chronic cerebrovascular, and mixed etiologies, as well as in differentiating between these two syndromes.

Methods

Data on 234 patients with either MCI (N = 83) or dementia (N = 151) due to Alzheimer’s disease (N = 112), Lewy body disease (N = 11), frontotemporal lobar degeneration (N = 20), chronic cerebrovascular disease (N = 39), or mixed (N = 47) etiologies having been administered Foderaro et al.’s version of the MMSE were retrospectively recruited. Moreover, N = 247 healthy controls (HCs) with a normal Montreal Cognitive Assessment performance were prospectively recruited. Receiver-operating characteristics analyses were run to test the capability of both raw and demographically adjusted MMSE scores to discriminate both HCs from MCI/dementia and MCI from dementia. For these comparisons, screening metrics were also computed at Foderaro et al.’s cut-off (<26.02).

Results

The capability of demographically adjusted MMSE scores to discriminate both HCs from dementia and MCI from dementia was excellent (AUC = 0.91 and 0.93, respectively), whilst good for MCI case-finding (AUC = 0.85). Consistently, the screening metrics associated with the cut-off at hand were optimal-to-excellent for dementia case-finding (sensitivity = 0.95; specificity = 0.99) and for the differentiation between MCI and dementia (sensitivity = 0.95; specificity = 0.64), whilst imbalanced for detecting MCI (sensitivity = 0.35; specificity = 0.99).

Discussion

Foderaro et al.’s updated normative framework for the Italian MMSE has optimal screening properties for both dementia case-finding and the discrimination between MCI and dementia, being at variance unbalanced towards specificity when it comes to detecting MCI.