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<p>Membrane separation technologies constitute a core component of modern food processing operations, enabling efficient separation, concentration, and purification of food constituents. Among these, membrane systems like reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration and diafiltration are extensively employed across the food processing industry due to their operational efficiency, scalability and ability to preserve product quality. Membrane separation systems are significantly impacted by fouling, resulting in reduced permeate flux, increased maintenance demands, elevated microbial contamination risk and compromised food safety. Understanding the characteristics and extent of foulants is critical for selecting effective cleaning and mitigation strategies. Although appropriate cleaning restores operational performance, it must also preserve membrane integrity, product quality and filtration systems longevity. This review emphasizes the major foulants in various food industries and critically analyses the existing cleaning protocols and emerging strategies. In addition, this review examines effective fouling control and extending membrane lifespan to ensure quality, process efficiency, and regulatory compliance.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Membrane fouling in food processing: current insights and cleaning methods

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月8日

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  • Priyadharshini Bharathi,
  • Aravinth Sithivinayagam,
  • Pratyush Beura,
  • Shri Aishvarya Kaliyur Ravi,
  • Pothiyappan Karthik,
  • Vinoth Kumar Vaidyanathan

摘要

Membrane separation technologies constitute a core component of modern food processing operations, enabling efficient separation, concentration, and purification of food constituents. Among these, membrane systems like reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration and diafiltration are extensively employed across the food processing industry due to their operational efficiency, scalability and ability to preserve product quality. Membrane separation systems are significantly impacted by fouling, resulting in reduced permeate flux, increased maintenance demands, elevated microbial contamination risk and compromised food safety. Understanding the characteristics and extent of foulants is critical for selecting effective cleaning and mitigation strategies. Although appropriate cleaning restores operational performance, it must also preserve membrane integrity, product quality and filtration systems longevity. This review emphasizes the major foulants in various food industries and critically analyses the existing cleaning protocols and emerging strategies. In addition, this review examines effective fouling control and extending membrane lifespan to ensure quality, process efficiency, and regulatory compliance.

Graphical abstract