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<p>Food toxicology examines the impact of toxins, environmental contaminants, and pathogens on human health. Contemporary literature is synthesised to explore the origins of food toxicity and its effects on gastrointestinal health, hepatic function, and carcinogenesis. While traditional contaminants, such as heavy metals, remain critical, emerging pollutants like microplastics (MPs) and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are gaining prominence due to their potential to disrupt the gut microbiota, induce oxidative stress, and promote inflammation. Additionally, thermal processing generates carcinogens such as acrylamide and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), while pathogens exacerbate systemic toxicity. MPs serve as vectors for toxicants crossing biological barriers. The liver is particularly vulnerable to mycotoxin-induced carcinoma and heavy metal-mediated damage. Chronic exposure to these contaminants contributes to cancer via DNA damage, endocrine disruption, and inflammation. Current regulatory gaps regarding low-dose cumulative exposures necessitate stronger policies and interdisciplinary research to ensure safer food systems.</p>

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The silent threats on plate: health impacts of established and emerging foodborne toxins and contaminants

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月18日

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  • Malarvani Thangamany,
  • Eugenie Sin Sing Tan,
  • Janaki Venkatasalam,
  • Sook Yin Lee,
  • Poh Lian Lu,
  • Nor Amyza Zakaria,
  • Sakkthy Sebolu Apparao,
  • Anand Gaurav,
  • Chung Keat Tan

摘要

Food toxicology examines the impact of toxins, environmental contaminants, and pathogens on human health. Contemporary literature is synthesised to explore the origins of food toxicity and its effects on gastrointestinal health, hepatic function, and carcinogenesis. While traditional contaminants, such as heavy metals, remain critical, emerging pollutants like microplastics (MPs) and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are gaining prominence due to their potential to disrupt the gut microbiota, induce oxidative stress, and promote inflammation. Additionally, thermal processing generates carcinogens such as acrylamide and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), while pathogens exacerbate systemic toxicity. MPs serve as vectors for toxicants crossing biological barriers. The liver is particularly vulnerable to mycotoxin-induced carcinoma and heavy metal-mediated damage. Chronic exposure to these contaminants contributes to cancer via DNA damage, endocrine disruption, and inflammation. Current regulatory gaps regarding low-dose cumulative exposures necessitate stronger policies and interdisciplinary research to ensure safer food systems.