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<p>To reveal the seismic instability of anti-dip rock slopes controlled by bedding dip angle and seismic acceleration, this study takes the Xiangpingshan landslide as the engineering background, develops a physical simulation test device suitable for investigating the instability mechanism of anti-dip rock slopes under seismic dynamic action, and systematically explores the deformation, fracturing response, and failure modes of anti-dip rock slopes with three bedding dip angles of 60°, 70°, and 80° through physical tests and numerical simulation. The results show that: (1) the slopes with the three dip angles all experience four stages, namely bottom compression, crack development, rupture penetration, and instability failure, and the rear edge of the slope crest is the core development zone of tensile cracks; (2) the peak seismic acceleration and bedding dip angle jointly control the failure mode, with the 60° slope showing progressive sliding failure, the 70° slope showing sliding-toppling failure, and the 80° slope showing severe block toppling failure; and (3) with the increase in bedding dip angle, the stress feature of upper tension and lower compression in the rock strata becomes increasingly significant, and the effects of bending deformation and tensile fracture become more obvious, so that the initial instability mode of the slope changes from compressive-shear failure of rock strata at the slope toe to tensile cracking failure of rock strata. These findings provide a reference for stability evaluation and hazard prevention of similar anti-dip rock slopes.</p>

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Investigating instability evolution of anti-dipping rock slopes under seismic dynamics: novel base-friction testing and numerical simulation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月30日

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  • Zhihao Wu,
  • Yang Wang,
  • Yixin Wang,
  • Xuan Wang,
  • Yunyong He,
  • Wenxi Fu

摘要

To reveal the seismic instability of anti-dip rock slopes controlled by bedding dip angle and seismic acceleration, this study takes the Xiangpingshan landslide as the engineering background, develops a physical simulation test device suitable for investigating the instability mechanism of anti-dip rock slopes under seismic dynamic action, and systematically explores the deformation, fracturing response, and failure modes of anti-dip rock slopes with three bedding dip angles of 60°, 70°, and 80° through physical tests and numerical simulation. The results show that: (1) the slopes with the three dip angles all experience four stages, namely bottom compression, crack development, rupture penetration, and instability failure, and the rear edge of the slope crest is the core development zone of tensile cracks; (2) the peak seismic acceleration and bedding dip angle jointly control the failure mode, with the 60° slope showing progressive sliding failure, the 70° slope showing sliding-toppling failure, and the 80° slope showing severe block toppling failure; and (3) with the increase in bedding dip angle, the stress feature of upper tension and lower compression in the rock strata becomes increasingly significant, and the effects of bending deformation and tensile fracture become more obvious, so that the initial instability mode of the slope changes from compressive-shear failure of rock strata at the slope toe to tensile cracking failure of rock strata. These findings provide a reference for stability evaluation and hazard prevention of similar anti-dip rock slopes.