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<p>This study presents a comprehensive assessment of fault activity around Al Harjah Dam in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia through the integration of remote sensing, aeromagnetic data, and field observations. The area surrounding the dam is composed mainly of upper Proterozoic metamorphic rocks such as granodiorite and tonalite, which exhibit strong foliation and evidence of metamorphism in volcanic and sedimentary rocks from the Baish, Bahah, and Jeddah groups. Overlying these older rocks is the Paleozoic Wajid Sandstone Formation, predominantly made up of quartz arenite. The Al Harjah Dam itself is 186&#xa0;m in length and 7.5&#xa0;m in height, with a storage capacity of 26,105 cubic meters, serving critical roles in irrigation, drinking water supply, and the mitigation of flash flood risks especially during peak rainfall from February to June. The region is intersected by several fault zones, including dextral and sinistral strike-slip faults that influence both the city and the dam site. Hydrological analysis in ArcMap revealed dendritic and radial stream patterns closely linked to the underlying geology. Additionally, structural lineaments derived from RTP data corresponded to these geological trends. This multidisciplinary approach enhances understanding of how faults and subsurface structures affect water movement, sediment transport, and the stability of the dam, supporting improved planning and sustainable management.</p>

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Integrated geophysical and remote sensing approach for understanding structural controls near Al Harjah Dam, Asir Terrane, Saudi Arabia

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月26日

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  • Saad S. Alarifi,
  • Mohamed Abd El-Wahed,
  • Mohamed Attia,
  • Essam Abd El-Motaal,
  • Talal Alharbi,
  • Hanbing Ai,
  • Saddam Ali Hazaea,
  • Ahmed M. Eldosouky

摘要

This study presents a comprehensive assessment of fault activity around Al Harjah Dam in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia through the integration of remote sensing, aeromagnetic data, and field observations. The area surrounding the dam is composed mainly of upper Proterozoic metamorphic rocks such as granodiorite and tonalite, which exhibit strong foliation and evidence of metamorphism in volcanic and sedimentary rocks from the Baish, Bahah, and Jeddah groups. Overlying these older rocks is the Paleozoic Wajid Sandstone Formation, predominantly made up of quartz arenite. The Al Harjah Dam itself is 186 m in length and 7.5 m in height, with a storage capacity of 26,105 cubic meters, serving critical roles in irrigation, drinking water supply, and the mitigation of flash flood risks especially during peak rainfall from February to June. The region is intersected by several fault zones, including dextral and sinistral strike-slip faults that influence both the city and the dam site. Hydrological analysis in ArcMap revealed dendritic and radial stream patterns closely linked to the underlying geology. Additionally, structural lineaments derived from RTP data corresponded to these geological trends. This multidisciplinary approach enhances understanding of how faults and subsurface structures affect water movement, sediment transport, and the stability of the dam, supporting improved planning and sustainable management.