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<p>The pressuremeter test (PMT) and standard penetration test (SPT) are widely applied in geotechnical engineering. PMT characterizes in-situ soil deformability via pressure–deformation response, whereas SPT evaluates vertical penetration resistance through <i>N</i>. Establishing reliable correlations between PMT limit pressure (<i>P</i><sub>L</sub>) and pressuremeter modulus (<i>E</i><sub>m</sub>) and SPT-<i>N</i> enables PMT parameters to be inferred from abundant SPT records, improving the efficiency of site characterization. In this study, 53 paired SPT–PMT datasets from five boreholes in the Haitai Yangtze River Channel were analyzed, covering silty clay (CL), silty sand (SM), and silt (ML). Linear and nonlinear regressions were developed between N (and N60) and PMT parameters (<i>P</i><sub>L</sub>, <i>E</i><sub>m</sub>). Model performance was assessed using R², RMSE, and MAPE, complemented by residual and probability-density analyses, 95% prediction intervals, and comparisons against a ± 20% error band. Results show that <i>N</i> consistently outperforms <i>N</i><sub>60</sub>, with silty sand yielding the strongest fit for <i>N</i>–<i>P</i><sub>L</sub> (R²=0.98) and silty clay exhibiting the most stable error performance for <i>N</i>–<i>P</i><sub>L</sub> (MAPE = 15.53%). Compared with existing correlations, the propsed models achieve higher accuracy and better reflect the geological conditions of the Yangtze River Delta, providing a practical tool for geotechnical design in coastal and deltaic environments.</p>

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Correlation study between SPT and PMT: a case study of the Late Quaternary marine-terrestrial transitional strata in Yangtze River Delta

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月22日

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  • Feng Liu,
  • Xuening Liu,
  • Guojun Cai,
  • Wen Shi,
  • Yong He,
  • Huanhuan Qiao

摘要

The pressuremeter test (PMT) and standard penetration test (SPT) are widely applied in geotechnical engineering. PMT characterizes in-situ soil deformability via pressure–deformation response, whereas SPT evaluates vertical penetration resistance through N. Establishing reliable correlations between PMT limit pressure (PL) and pressuremeter modulus (Em) and SPT-N enables PMT parameters to be inferred from abundant SPT records, improving the efficiency of site characterization. In this study, 53 paired SPT–PMT datasets from five boreholes in the Haitai Yangtze River Channel were analyzed, covering silty clay (CL), silty sand (SM), and silt (ML). Linear and nonlinear regressions were developed between N (and N60) and PMT parameters (PL, Em). Model performance was assessed using R², RMSE, and MAPE, complemented by residual and probability-density analyses, 95% prediction intervals, and comparisons against a ± 20% error band. Results show that N consistently outperforms N60, with silty sand yielding the strongest fit for N–PL (R²=0.98) and silty clay exhibiting the most stable error performance for N–PL (MAPE = 15.53%). Compared with existing correlations, the propsed models achieve higher accuracy and better reflect the geological conditions of the Yangtze River Delta, providing a practical tool for geotechnical design in coastal and deltaic environments.