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<p>Under blasting vibrations, slopes involving weak interlayers are highly susceptible to dynamic instability. Accordingly, understanding the vibration response of rock slopes under blasting is crucial for effective stability control. Based on the navigation slope excavation project of the Qinzhou Section at the Pinglu Canal, in-situ blasting tests and laboratory SHPB tests were conducted on rock slopes containing weak interlayers to characterize their vibration behavior and mechanical response. SHPB results demonstrated that the dynamic tensile strength of mudstone increases with strain rate, exhibiting a pronounced rate-dependent strengthening effect, thereby providing reliable mechanical parameters for numerical modeling and slope stability evaluation. A dynamic finite element model was established and validated against field-measured data, with a maximum relative error of 14.45%, confirming the model’s accuracy and parameter reliability. Numerical simulations revealed that the peak particle velocity (PPV) attenuates with increasing blast distance but increases markedly with larger slope gradients and dip angles of the weak interlayer, with dominant vibration frequency ranging between 10 and 50 Hz. Using dimensional analysis, a PPV attenuation predictive model was developed and validated through parameter sensitivity analysis. A failure criterion was further proposed by correlating crack initiation velocity with slope gradient and dip angle of the weak interlayer, enabling back-calculation of safe explosive charge and offering practical guidance for blasting design optimization and excavation safety.</p>

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Blasting vibration response of rock slopes under the influence of slope gradient and occurrence of weak interlayers

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月4日

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  • Xiaodi Qu,
  • Nan Jiang,
  • Yongsheng Jia,
  • Yingkang Yao,
  • Jinshan Sun,
  • Jikui Zhang

摘要

Under blasting vibrations, slopes involving weak interlayers are highly susceptible to dynamic instability. Accordingly, understanding the vibration response of rock slopes under blasting is crucial for effective stability control. Based on the navigation slope excavation project of the Qinzhou Section at the Pinglu Canal, in-situ blasting tests and laboratory SHPB tests were conducted on rock slopes containing weak interlayers to characterize their vibration behavior and mechanical response. SHPB results demonstrated that the dynamic tensile strength of mudstone increases with strain rate, exhibiting a pronounced rate-dependent strengthening effect, thereby providing reliable mechanical parameters for numerical modeling and slope stability evaluation. A dynamic finite element model was established and validated against field-measured data, with a maximum relative error of 14.45%, confirming the model’s accuracy and parameter reliability. Numerical simulations revealed that the peak particle velocity (PPV) attenuates with increasing blast distance but increases markedly with larger slope gradients and dip angles of the weak interlayer, with dominant vibration frequency ranging between 10 and 50 Hz. Using dimensional analysis, a PPV attenuation predictive model was developed and validated through parameter sensitivity analysis. A failure criterion was further proposed by correlating crack initiation velocity with slope gradient and dip angle of the weak interlayer, enabling back-calculation of safe explosive charge and offering practical guidance for blasting design optimization and excavation safety.