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<p>Calcareous-cemented medium-fine grained conglomerate (CCMFGC), a typical weakly cemented rock mass widely found in coal-bearing sedimentary strata, significantly influences mining pressure distribution and roadway support design. This study examines the mesoscale behavior of damage-induced crack propagation in CCMFGC, focusing on the conglomerate roof of Panel 723–06 Lower in Tianchen Coal Mine. A multi-dimensional characterization approach was employed to analyze the lithology and composition of specimens, along with damage features, crack propagation mechanisms, spatial fracture network evolution, and seepage properties under uniaxial loading. Key findings include: lithological analysis identifies the specimen as grayish-white calcareous-cemented medium-fine limestone conglomerate, with the following mineral composition: quartz (58.9%), plagioclase (4.8%), K-feldspar (2.9%), calcite (23.4%), dolomite (6.2%), illite (0.7%), chlorite (2.1%), and hematite (1%). The damage process in CCMFGC follows a sequential chain of “cementation crushing → crack coalescence → structural loosening,” leading to the transition from a continuous to a fractured medium. Mechanical loading serves as the primary driver of main crack propagation, with significant positive correlations identified among key parameters such as pore radius, channel number, and mean radius. The evolution of seepage characteristics in CCMFGC arises fundamentally from the dynamic coupling between cementation structure damage and the seepage field. This study provides a theoretical basis for stability analysis, roof management, support design, and rockburst prevention in mining panels with conglomerate roof strata.</p>

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Mesoscopic characterization of visualized damage-induced crack propagation in calcareous-cemented medium-fine grained conglomerate

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月6日

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  • Jinhai Liu,
  • Erhui Zhang,
  • Tao Huang

摘要

Calcareous-cemented medium-fine grained conglomerate (CCMFGC), a typical weakly cemented rock mass widely found in coal-bearing sedimentary strata, significantly influences mining pressure distribution and roadway support design. This study examines the mesoscale behavior of damage-induced crack propagation in CCMFGC, focusing on the conglomerate roof of Panel 723–06 Lower in Tianchen Coal Mine. A multi-dimensional characterization approach was employed to analyze the lithology and composition of specimens, along with damage features, crack propagation mechanisms, spatial fracture network evolution, and seepage properties under uniaxial loading. Key findings include: lithological analysis identifies the specimen as grayish-white calcareous-cemented medium-fine limestone conglomerate, with the following mineral composition: quartz (58.9%), plagioclase (4.8%), K-feldspar (2.9%), calcite (23.4%), dolomite (6.2%), illite (0.7%), chlorite (2.1%), and hematite (1%). The damage process in CCMFGC follows a sequential chain of “cementation crushing → crack coalescence → structural loosening,” leading to the transition from a continuous to a fractured medium. Mechanical loading serves as the primary driver of main crack propagation, with significant positive correlations identified among key parameters such as pore radius, channel number, and mean radius. The evolution of seepage characteristics in CCMFGC arises fundamentally from the dynamic coupling between cementation structure damage and the seepage field. This study provides a theoretical basis for stability analysis, roof management, support design, and rockburst prevention in mining panels with conglomerate roof strata.