Multi-dimensional and multi-source disaster monitoring and warning system and case engineering application in Dagushan open-pit mining area
摘要
Due to prolonged exposure to natural factors and repeated engineering excavations, open-pit mines frequently experience landslide disasters. Slope instability is influenced by numerous factors, and the geological conditions are complex and constantly changing, making effective landslide monitoring challenging. To address this issue, this paper proposes a landslide warning system. First, a landslide statistical analysis method is integrated into mine slope risk assessment. By combining historical landslide data with engineering geological conditions, potential landslide areas in the open pit are deduced and identified, providing a more systematic evaluation of landslide risk. Second, to enhance the scientific accuracy of monitoring point placement, a numerical model of the potential landslide area is constructed based on damage mechanics and strength reduction theory. This model calculates the damage range, serving as a basis for monitoring point layout. The system combines statistical analysis, numerical simulation, and multi-source information fusion to develop a multi-dimensional monitoring index system that reflects the internal and external characteristics of the open-pit slope. Using a combination of GNSS and InSAR technology, a multi-source information-coordinated monitoring system is established to enable real-time and periodic monitoring of high-risk areas. Finally, by using displacement rate as an early warning index and referencing a landslide case database specific to mining areas, the early warning levels and thresholds for the Dagushan open-pit mine area are determined. A multi-dimensional, multi-parameter disaster warning visualization platform developed using GIS and mine IoT technology significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of disaster warnings in open-pit mines. Additionally, the successful deduction of two landslide risks using the platform further verifies its feasibility and effectiveness.