<p>High confining pressure significantly weakens the mechanical and energy anisotropy of layered phyllite, which has important implications for deep underground engineering. To investigate the anisotropic characteristics of typical layered rocks in engineering, a series of longitudinal wave velocity tests and triaxial compression tests on phyllite samples with various bedding angles was conducted. Three-dimensional functional models were established to correlate physical and mechanical parameters as well as peak energy parameters with bedding angles and confining pressure. Additionally, failure characteristic points during the deformation and failure process of layered phyllite are defined based on the dissipation energy coefficient and the limit energy conversion rate in the energy evolution process. The results reveal a cubic polynomial relationship between the longitudinal wave velocity and bedding angle. Except for residual strength <i>σ</i>_r and peak dissipation energy <i>U</i>^<i>P</i><i> d</i>, all the parameters exhibit a unimodal function with increasing bedding angle. At a low confining pressure, the mechanical parameters and peak energy parameters vary significantly with bedding angle, whereas a high confining pressure weakens the anisotropic characteristics of phyllite. The mechanical parameters and peak energy parameters increase nonlinearly with increasing confining pressure. The mechanical parameters of phyllite specimens with a bedding angle of 90° exhibit strong sensitivity to confining pressure. Furthermore, yield and failure characteristic points were identified based on the energy dissipation coefficient and limit energy conversion rate, providing potential early-warning indicators for instability and failure in layered rock masses.</p>