<p>Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) has emerged as a promising technology for soil solidification and remediation in geotechnical engineering. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in MICP treatment, focusing on its performance, mechanisms, applications and challenges. Furthermore, the review discusses the enhancement of soil strength, stiffness and impermeability achieved through MICP treatment, along with its effectiveness in mitigating erosion, cracking and other forms of degradation. In addition, the integration of fibre materials with MICP treatment to enhance soil reinforcement and repair capabilities is explored. The synergistic effects of fibre reinforcement on soil tensile strength, dynamic strength and resistance to liquefaction are discussed, along with optimal fibre types and contents. In addition, the review addresses limitations and challenges associated with MICP treatment, such as susceptibility to acid-rain erosion and long-term degradation under cyclic environmental conditions. Areas for further research and optimisation to maximise the effectiveness and durability of MICP treatment are identified. This review provides valuable insights for researchers and practitioners in the field of geotechnical engineering.</p>