<p>Acid rain erosion and wet-dry cycles significantly impact the rock mass stability. This study aimed to elucidate the impact of acidic wet-dry cycles on both macroscopic and microscopic attributes of red glutenite through implementing water absorption assays, uniaxial compressive testing, and cold field emission scanning electron microscopy (CFE-SEM) examinations on specimens exposed to acidic wet-dry cycles. The results revealed that water absorption, uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), and elastic modulus decrease with increasing wet-dry cycles and decreasing solution pH. The acidic wet-dry cycles lead to the continuous loss of interstitial materials between mineral particles, the continuous development and interconnection of cracks and pores, and the deterioration of the overall structural integrity. A clear negative correlation was observed between UCS and microscopic porosity, and this relationship can be successfully simulated by a newly developed UCS empirical correlation model. Based on damage mechanics theory, an improved semi-empirical constitutive model was established by introducing a compaction coefficient. This model accurately simulates the deformation and failure behavior of red glutenite under acidic wet-dry cycles and load conditions, with model parameters possessing reasonable physical significance.</p>