Study on the mechanism of shallow damage to expansive soil slopes induced by preferential crack flow infiltration
摘要
Expansive soil slopes prone to shallow failures are characterized by widespread cracks, which act as preferential pathways for rainfall infiltration. These channels accelerate slope destabilization by forming transient saturated zones at crack termini that evolve into potential sliding surfaces. Using the Huangjiaping expansive soil landslide as a case study, this research integrates geological surveys, automated GNSS monitoring, volumetric moisture content measurements and physical modeling to elucidate mechanisms of preferential-flow-induced slope instability. A stability analysis framework for infinite slopes under preferential flow is developed by incorporating soil swelling effects into the SLIP (Stability Limit for Infinite Slopes with Preferential Flow) model. Key findings: (1) Expansive soil slope surfaces have many cracks, providing preferential infiltration pathways for rainfall. (2) The instability of expansive soil landslides is closely related to crack-formed preferential flow; landslide scale, sliding depth, creep duration and instability stage time are all directly governed by initial crack depth. (3) A modified infinite slope framework was developed by incorporating preferential infiltration pathways and swelling-induced stress evolution. This study advances understanding of coupled hydro-mechanical processes in swelling soils while providing a physics-based tool for slope stability assessment under preferential infiltration.