<p>Osmotic pressure is an important factor affecting the creep instability of rock mass, and it is easy to induce water inrush accidents in the process of coal mining. In order to explore the mechanism of floor water inrush disaster, taking shale as the research object, the effects of osmotic pressure and confining pressure on the creep characteristics of shale were systematically studied by carrying out triaxial creep tests under different osmotic pressure and confining pressure, combined with acoustic emission monitoring device. The test results show that the creep process of shale has experienced the stages of instantaneous strain, decay creep, steady creep and accelerated creep. The confining pressure has an inhibitory effect on the creep deformation of shale. The osmotic pressure promotes the creep deformation. The accumulation and release of strain energy is an important feature of shale entering the accelerated creep stage. The accumulation of strain energy is positively correlated with confining pressure and negatively correlated with osmotic pressure. Based on the generalized fractional Kelvin model, the Perzyna viscoplastic theory is introduced, and the double effective stress principle of porous media is combined. From the perspective of strain energy, a method for judging the start of steady creep and accelerated creep have been established, alongside a shale strain energy creep model that incorporates the effects of osmotic pressure. The inversion method of model parameters is given. The simulation effect of the model curve is good, which verifies the rationality of the model.</p>