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<p>The complex microstructure of loess presents challenges in understanding the micro-mechanisms underlying its macro-performance evolution. Multi-criteria analysis (MCA) optimizes multi-index systems, whlie its application to loess engineering performance evaluation remains limited. To quantitatively assess the compactness of the loess structure and its control on permeability, this study conducted seepage tests, characterized microstructural parameters via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and identified key controlling indices using fuzzy evaluation method (FEM) and gray relational degree method (GRDM). The results indicated that remolded loess structures, classified by membership degree (<i>B</i><sub><i>m</i></sub>), fall into three types, including loose with weak stability (1.00 ≥ <i>B</i><sub><i>m</i></sub> ≥ 0.860), undercompacted with moderate stability (0.860 &gt; <i>B</i><sub><i>m</i></sub> ≥ 0.308), and dense with strong stability (0.308 &gt; <i>B</i><sub><i>m</i></sub> ≥ 0). Saturated permeability exhibited distinct temporal trends across these types: decreasing, increasing-then-decreasing, and increasing, respectively. Pore size was the primary factor influencing permeability, followed by pore arrangement and morphology. The key pore parameters included the average perimeter of pores (<i>P</i><sub><i>A−pore</i></sub>), directional probability entropy (<i>H</i><sub><i>m</i></sub>), macro-pore area ratio (<i>PAR</i><sub><i>M</i></sub>), maximum orientation frequency (<i>F</i><sub><i>max</i></sub>), and small-pore area ratio (<i>PAR</i><sub><i>S</i></sub>). These findings provide a novel approach for evaluating the intrinsic microstructure-macrobehavior relationship in soils, offering broad applicability and generalizability.</p>

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Evaluating compact state of loess structure and its control on permeability based on microscopic parameters: a new approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月18日

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  • Yongqi Zang,
  • Panpan Xu,
  • Hui Qian,
  • Jianbing Peng

摘要

The complex microstructure of loess presents challenges in understanding the micro-mechanisms underlying its macro-performance evolution. Multi-criteria analysis (MCA) optimizes multi-index systems, whlie its application to loess engineering performance evaluation remains limited. To quantitatively assess the compactness of the loess structure and its control on permeability, this study conducted seepage tests, characterized microstructural parameters via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and identified key controlling indices using fuzzy evaluation method (FEM) and gray relational degree method (GRDM). The results indicated that remolded loess structures, classified by membership degree (Bm), fall into three types, including loose with weak stability (1.00 ≥ Bm ≥ 0.860), undercompacted with moderate stability (0.860 > Bm ≥ 0.308), and dense with strong stability (0.308 > Bm ≥ 0). Saturated permeability exhibited distinct temporal trends across these types: decreasing, increasing-then-decreasing, and increasing, respectively. Pore size was the primary factor influencing permeability, followed by pore arrangement and morphology. The key pore parameters included the average perimeter of pores (PA−pore), directional probability entropy (Hm), macro-pore area ratio (PARM), maximum orientation frequency (Fmax), and small-pore area ratio (PARS). These findings provide a novel approach for evaluating the intrinsic microstructure-macrobehavior relationship in soils, offering broad applicability and generalizability.